Mansard roof calculation calculator

The roof, along with the foundation and walls, is one of the main structural elements of the structure, providing protection to the interior of the building from precipitation, waterlogging, temperature changes, wind loads and other influences. At the same time, the roofing system is the most bulky, difficult-to-build structure in the house, since it consists of a huge number of individual components and connections. For most beginning craftsmen, construction turns into full test, which has no end in sight - it is necessary to draw up a project, carry out many calculations, draw diagrams, manufacture elements and, ultimately, assemble everything into a single structure.

The online construction calculator for roof calculations from the KALK.PRO service allows you to facilitate the process of erecting a roofing structure at the stage of preparatory work, providing a detailed report with the parameters of individual elements and the amount of lumber for their manufacture, providing detailed drawings of the rafter system and sheathing, as well as visualizing the resulting structure in the form 3D models for subsequent evaluation. In addition, our program takes into account all additional structural elements of the roof, including Mauerlat, vapor barrier, insulation, counter-lattice, OSB sheets. It is planned to introduce wind and snow load recording soon.

The 3D roof designer is simple, convenient and does not require special skills to use - you will need to measure the dimensions of the building, select the type of roof (hard, soft) and indicate the characteristics of the materials used. If invalid values are entered, the program will stop the calculation and indicate the cell where exactly the error was made. Also on the tab of each calculator there is a detailed text instruction with a description of all fields and symbols, which are duplicated in the corresponding images for clarity.

Save time and money by using professional roof calculations on the KALK.PRO website - we have been calculating roofs for more than 5 years and have helped implement over 1000 different projects!

Mansard roof calculation online calculator

To calculate the roof using the online calculator, you must correctly fill in all the available fields and click the “Calculate” button.
We recommend taking measurements as accurately as possible and double-checking the entered values several times in order to avoid problems in the future when assembling the structure, since you may have to re-manufacture a large number of elements. Let us remind you that our calculators have built-in functionality to perform:

calculation of the rafter system;
lumber calculation;
calculation of metal tiles;
roof area calculation;
calculation of the roof slope angle.

You don't need to look for other tools on the Internet or bother with manual calculations.

Detailed step-by-step text instructions with graphical annotations for each tool are provided on the corresponding calculator tabs in the Help section. We also suggest watching a short overview video of calculating a gable structure, which demonstrates the main capabilities of the roof calculator.

Please indicate the required dimensions in millimeters

X - house width C - overhang size B - roof length

This method of organization can be performed in two forms:

Attic gable. With this device, the height from the zero level of the roof to the ridge is up to 4 meters, and the angle of inclination of the roof reaches 55 degrees. However, due to the strong slope of the walls, only the space in the middle is useful.
A mansard sloping roof is a type of gable roof. This roofing arrangement differs from a conventional gable roofing arrangement in the presence of joints on the planes. The plane of each side, descending at a certain angle, is divided into two parts. The second part, lower, acquires an even greater angle of incidence. Visually, the geometry of such a roof turns out to be broken.

The main advantage of the broken attic type is that it allows you to avoid significant financial costs and at the same time significantly increase the usable space of the house.

After all, organizing such a device is easier and cheaper than building an additional floor and then covering it with a roof.

In addition, with the help of a mansard roof, you can significantly transform an existing house with an old roof.

Gable mansard roof

Broken mansard roof

Designing the roof of a large house

If you plan to build a large private house, then it is not recommended to use a pitched roof. If you still want to make it, you should consider having several pitched roofs. They will need to be combined and placed at an angle in different directions. If you do not want to build high walls, then the roof should not have a large slope.

From an aesthetic point of view, the best solution is to use a hip sloping roof. It must be provided with dormer and dormer windows so that the roof can be ventilated.

If you plan to make a hip sloping roof, you should take care of installing dormer windows

In such a design, you can make an attic floor, which will add usable space to the building. When placing a dormer window, care must be taken to:

the roof angle was more than 35°;
the dimensions of the valves ranged from 80x60 to 120x80 cm;
the superstructure above the roof opening was removed from the outer walls a short distance.

To equip roof dormers, you can use the following facing materials:

tiles;
copper sheets;
sheets of steel.

In the process of drawing up a roof project, you will need to make a separate drawing of the dormer windows. When creating a project, you need to consider the following nuances:

the width of the opening for such a window should be more than half the width of the attic room;
the supports must be the same thickness as the roof rafters;
Frame elements should be secured with steel fasteners.

Video: roof dormer window project

https://youtube.com/watch?v=cKu8YMuY81I

Why are our tools better?

Close cooperation with roof manufacturers

Highest detail in drawings and 3D models

Final report with a list of required materials

Ready-made estimate for the construction of the structure by the contractor

Technical support helps when working with the calculator

Positive feedback and a large number of completed projects

You can calculate the roof on any website and this is a fact, but you should be aware that, unlike other resources, our project has a long history, positive reviews, prompt technical support and regularly updates its work algorithms, eliminating the occurrence of errors. Feedback with users is established and works flawlessly; any visitor can ask a question, and KALK.PRO will try to answer it.

Recommendations

The roof is one of the most complex structures when building a house with your own hands, so before starting work you need to carefully prepare for the upcoming difficulties - study the relevant regulatory documents, create a high-quality construction project and become familiar with assembly and installation technologies.

The basic requirements for the operational characteristics of roofs are set out in SNiP II-26-76 (SP 17.13330.2011) “Roofs”, SP 31-101-97 “Design and construction of roofs”, SNiP 2.01.07-85* (SP 20.13330.2010) “Loads and impacts”, SNiP 3.03.01-87 (SP 70.13330.2011) “Load-bearing and enclosing structures”, SNiP II-25-80 (SP 64.13330.2017) “Wooden structures”, GOST 11047-90 “Parts and products wooden for low-rise residential and public buildings", GOST 30547-97 "Rolled roofing and waterproofing materials", GOST 25772-83 "Steel fencing for stairs, balconies and roofs".

The tables below present the optimal parameters of elements for typical structures, which you can use as a guide when using the gable roof calculator.

Parameter, characteristic	Optimal range
Roof angle	20-45°
Cornice overhang	50-100 cm
Gable overhang / Exhaust	40-70 cm
Mauerlat size	100x150 mm 150x150 mm
Rafter size	50x150 mm 50x200 mm
The ratio of the depth of the cut and the width of the rafters	1/4 1/3
Rafter pitch	60-100 cm
Lathing size	25x100 mm 40x150 mm
Lathing pitch depending on the type of roof (soft, tile, corrugated sheeting)	1-10 cm 30-40 cm 30-65 cm
Counter-lattice size	30x50 mm
Waterproofing overlap	10-20 cm
Thermal insulation thickness	10-15 cm

Useful diagrams and tables when working with a gable roof:

Designer capabilities

The KALK.PRO service is a universal assistant for beginners and professional craftsmen, with the help of which you can make a truly reliable and safe design. However, it is necessary to understand that the program calculates the roof based on the entered data and does not take into account their correctness, except in exceptional cases when the structure is guaranteed to be unstable.

When building a roof (especially for the first time), we recommend paying attention to the following regulatory documents: SNiP 2.01.07-85 (SP 20.13330.2010) “Loads and impacts”, SNiP II-26-76 (SP 17.13330.2017) “ Roofs", TSN 31-308-97 "Roofs. Technical requirements and acceptance rules. Moscow region", SP 31-101-97 "Design and construction of roofs".

We currently provide calculations for the following roofing structures:

roof is pitched;
gable roof (gable, gable);
hip roof;
The roof is hipped (hipped).

We also have separate simplified calculators for calculating the rafter system of a gable and single-pitch roof - try it, maybe this is exactly what you need!

Among the main features of the designer, it is necessary to highlight (– only on KALK.PRO):

Units. You can select the most convenient units of measurement (mm, cm, m, inches, feet), and the program will automatically convert all values in the calculator fields and calculation results.
Roof type. When using a soft roof, it becomes possible to take into account the substrate in the form of OSB sheets.
Roof parameters. You can specify the expected height of the structure, side outlet and overhang. In some roof calculators, the extreme position of the rafters (on the edge, against the wall) is also selected.
Dimensions of the house. You can set the dimensions of the house: width, length of the house box and wall thickness (the latter affects the layout of the rafters, since the thickness of the gables is taken into account). The height of the walls is only needed to create a correct 3D model.
Mauerlat. Only from us you get a separate calculation of the Mauerlat for the side and end slopes.
Calculation of rafters. In addition to entering standard values for width/thickness and the distance between adjacent elements, for a more correct calculation of the rafter system, we can also specify the cutting depth.
Insulation. The amount of insulation is automatically substituted into the results, the thickness of the material is taken equal to the thickness of the rafters and fills all the space between them.
Vapor barrier. A block for entering the characteristics (width, length) of a waterproofing material with the ability to take into account overlaps from the sides and top.
Lathing and counter-lattice. There is functionality for taking into account the parameters of the lathing and counter-lattice - you can enter the width/thickness of the board and the distance between them.
OSB sheets. In the case of using a soft roof, the parameters of OSB sheets are taken into account in the calculations.
Roofing materials. This block allows you to calculate metal tiles, corrugated sheets, ondulin and any other roofing material using known sheet parameters.

Our professional roofing calculators are used by many professionals - if you want to use them for commercial purposes, you can remove our watermark and upload your logo.

Calculation of loads on the rafter system

Before proceeding with this section of the calculations, you need to consider all possible loads on the rafters. The rafter system comes in different types, which also affects the load. Types of loads:

Types of load:

Constant.
This type of load is constantly felt by the rafters; it is exerted by the roof structure, material, sheathing, insulation material, films and other small elements of the system. The average value of this parameter is 40-45 kg/m2.
Variable.
This type of load depends on the climate and the area where the building is located, since it is caused by precipitation in a given region.
Special.
This parameter is relevant if the location of the house is a seismically active zone. But in most cases, additional strength is enough.

Important: it is best to make a reserve when calculating strength; for this, 10% is added to the resulting value. It is also worth taking into account the recommendation that 1 m2 should not bear a weight of more than 50 kg.

It is very important to take into account the load exerted by the wind. Indicators of this value can be taken from SNiP in the “Loads and Impacts” section.

To calculate the load produced by snow, you need:

Find out the snow weight parameter. This indicator mainly varies from 80 to 320 kg/m2;
Multiply by the coefficient that is necessary to take into account wind pressure and aerodynamic properties. This value is indicated in the SNiP table and is applied individually. Source SNiP 2.01.07-85.

ATTENTION! If the angle of inclination of the slope is more than 45 degrees, then the calculation of the snow load is not carried out,
since such a slope will ensure the snow slides down.

Recommendations and notes on roofing

A variety of roofing types are used for roofing: flat and profile, rolled, soft, rigid, piece.

Let's look at the main types of roofing used in the construction of mansard roofs:

Metal tiles are cold-rolled galvanized steel sheets coated with a polymer coating. Metal tiles are used everywhere - as roofing for private houses, industrial buildings, garages, kiosks, and summer cottages.
Roofing sheeting. The composition of the material is similar to metal tiles. It is most often used in the construction of industrial buildings, but due to its low cost it can be used for the construction of attics;
Ondulin. One of the cheapest materials. Consists of cellulose fibers using bitumen and polymer additives. Painted with heat-resistant paint. It is rarely chosen as a roofing covering due to fading in the sun.
Soft tiles - shinglas. It is made of fiberglass using bitumen, on top of which stone chips are applied, which resists sunlight and protects against fading.
Ceramic tiles. One of the oldest types of roofing. To make it, clay is fired at high temperatures, as a result of which it acquires hardness and strength.
Sand-cement tiles. The appearance is similar to clay tiles, but is cheaper to produce. It is made from a solution of cement and sand by pressing. The surface is smooth or textured. Used in the construction of private houses, cottages, dachas.
Slate roofing. Extremely rare. It is characterized by a very high cost with the highest technical characteristics. Used in the construction of unique luxury houses and cottages. Such roofing can be found on ancient European castles.

READ MORE: Hood in the garage, types of hood and ventilation of a box with a cellar

After entering all the initial parameters, you receive a comprehensive report, which contains a ready-made estimate for the manufacture of the structure with detailed calculations of lumber and roofing, a set of drawings of all roof elements in various projections and an adaptive 3D model. The roof area will also be automatically calculated and the angle of inclination of the slope and rafters will be available.

This collection provides recommendations on the construction of roofs and roofs, in particular. We hope you find this information useful for general information and when working with our calculators.

Roof calculation result

All online roof calculations are automatically saved in your personal account and stored for six months. You can also download all the results to your device in PDF format, send them by email, save them as bookmarks or share with colleagues on social networks. Drawings in PNG format and a 3D model in OBJ format are available separately.

Roof drawings with dimensions

Drawings are an integral element of the design documentation of any structure, since they represent a kind of “working map” for installation work. Many professionals prefer to make a roof plan with their own hands in specialized programs such as AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, etc., however, for a novice master, independent development without proper work experience usually ends before it even begins, or ends very badly. It must be remembered that any accidental mistake can lead to unexpected expenses and disruption of the structure of the entire structure.

Using the online roofing calculator KALK.PRO you eliminate errors in calculations, since the graphics are built on the basis of actually entered parameters, the correctness of which can be double-checked on an interactive 3D model. Depending on the roof design, we provide a different number of drawings - complex systems are described in more detail. For example, when calculating a bulky hip roof, the kit contains 12 design drawings with a detailed description of the rafter system (in different projections), its elements, sheathing, places of cuts and laying of roofing materials.

When creating the roofing calculator, we made every possible effort to ensure that the subsequent assembly of the structure and the layout of individual elements, in particular, was as fast and comfortable as possible.

3D model

Architectural visualization allows you to visually evaluate the planned structure in real proportions, making sure that the project is completed with high quality and without errors. However, spatial modeling is a painstaking and technically complex process that cannot be performed without special skills, and such services cost quite a lot of money from professional designers.

However, when you perform a roof calculation on our website, you receive a FREE, adaptive, dimensionally accurate 3D model that you can interact with and download in OBJ format to later load into your editing software.

How to calculate a roof using an online calculator?

Before calculating the rafter system, let’s highlight its main system-forming elements:

Rafters;
Racks;
Mauerlat;
Struts;
Lathing;
Skate;
Roof;
Connection elements.

You should also remember a few rules:

For the construction of frame components, it is necessary to use beams with a section of 100 * 100 mm;
Wood moisture content should be no more than 15%;
Wooden elements must be treated with an antiseptic.

To calculate all elements, the first step is to determine the permanent and temporary loads to which the rafter system is subjected.

These include: the dead weight of the roof and natural phenomena in the form of wind, rain and snow. Depending on this and the choice of appropriate roofing material, the angle of inclination of the slopes is calculated.

After determining the level of the required slope of the slopes, the total load on the rafters is calculated. To do this, sum up the weight of the rafters, sheathing and roofing to calculate the weight of the element per 1 square meter.

The resulting value is multiplied by a multiplying factor of 1.1 -1.4. The resulting load figure, depending on the roofing material and insulation, ranges from 35 to 50 kg. per 1 sq.m.

This is a constant load value, to which periodic loads in the form of snow or wind are added.

To determine these loads, use the appropriate maps for individual regions. Snow load can vary from 80 to 150 kg per sq.m.

It should be multiplied by 0.7 if the roof slope is from 25 to 60 degrees. This value determines whether double rafters and continuous sheathing should be installed.

After calculating the load on the roof area and per square meter, the cross-section of the rafters is calculated. The number of rafters is determined by the length of the roof span and ranges from 70 to 120 m, depending on the length of the slopes.

Calculation of the rafter system

The calculation of the area depends on its design.

When we are dealing with a regular gable roof, its surface is represented as two rectangles, the area of which can be calculated by multiplying the length by the width. Multiplying the value by 2 we get the total area of the roof plane.

How to calculate a mansard roof? In the case of defining an attic sloping roof, the situation is more complicated due to the fact that in such a device, in addition to the slope divided into two parts, there may be additional elements (windows, balconies, terraces, exits to the roof).

In this case, you should divide the roof surface into its component elements and calculate their area separately. The sum of all areas of the elements obtained in this case will be the roof area

For example: With a base length of 10 m and a base width of 8 m, it is planned to build an attic space with a useful width of 5 m, a height to the edges of the slopes of 2.5 m and a height in the middle to the ridge of 3.5 m. The width of the roof overhang is planned 50 cm. The length of the side rafters is 3.42 m, the length of the ridge rafters is 2.69 m. Now you need to calculate the area of the upper and lower edges.

Multiply the length of the side rafters by the length of the roof base. It turns out 34.2 sq. m. The sum of the two lower edges is 68.4 sq. m. When multiplying the length of the ridge rafters by the length of the roof, we get 26.9 sq. m. Fold the two top edges. We get 53.8 sq. m. Accordingly, the total roof area is 122.2 sq. m.

So, what is a broken type rafter system?

With some degree of convention, it can be classified as a variety of gable. But the main difference is that each of the slopes does not represent a single plane from the ridge to the eaves overhang. Along a certain horizontal line, it “breaks” into two, and the upper part of the slope has a much smaller angle of steepness compared to the lower one.

A characteristic feature of a sloping roof is clear from its name - each of the slopes “breaks” into two planes, differing in angle of inclination to the horizon

Why is this being done? The answer is obvious. If you organize a residential attic under a regular gable roof, too much of the area falls on the “dead zones” - along the edges of the attic along the line of the eaves. Of course, certain measures are being taken to make useful use of these areas, but the possibilities are still very limited, and it is possible to make a full-fledged ceiling that will not create a “pressing” sensation on the head, that is, with a normal height familiar to a person, only in the central attic areas.

It would seem that it is possible to increase the steepness of the slopes - but this leads to a completely unjustified increase in the height of the ridge - such a roof is more difficult to install, requires more materials, and at the same time - excessive height always causes an increase in the vulnerability of the structure from wind loads, a decrease in the overall strength characteristics. In a word, erecting such a rafter system (especially if you plan to do it yourself) will not be a hassle!

And the solution is simple - increase the steepness of the slopes only at the “habitable” level of the attic, to the normal ceiling height, and then move to a small slope angle so that the roof does not turn out to be too high. Let's look at one typical example for clarity.

Comparison of the “useful capacity” of the attic space in houses with a conventional gable and sloping roof

For the “purity of the experiment”, let’s take two buildings with exactly the same dimensions at the base, for example, with a wall width along the gable part of 6 meters (as shown in the illustration). The height of the wall to the ceiling line is 4 meters, and the same distance is set aside vertically from the ceiling to the highest point of the roof - the ridge. The difference is in the roof design: on the left is a regular gable roof, on the right – a broken type.

Let’s assume that our desired ceiling height in a residential attic should be 2.5 meters, and let’s try to “fit” this room into the attic space. Even if you don’t pay attention to the dimensions indicated, the result, as they say, is visible to the “naked eye.”

READ MORE: Sewage slope per 1 meter SNiP and standard parameters of the system

Well, if you use the language of numbers, you can see that even with a very large steepness of the slopes in a gable roof (and here it is about 53 degrees), the width of the space that satisfies the requirement of a comfortable ceiling height is a little more than 2 meters. It’s a different matter - in the attic with a broken-type rafter system - the width of the “habitable zone” has almost doubled.

So, despite the increased complexity in constructing a sloping roof, such an idea looks quite justified.

Now let's take a look at what elements the structure of a broken-type rafter system consists of. Let us immediately make a reservation that there are many schemes, and it is simply not possible to consider them all on the scale of one article. Therefore, we will highlight two main ones, most often used in self-construction.

Layout diagram of the main parts of a broken-type system with support for attic rafters on the Mauerlat

The walls of the building (item 1) into which attic floor beams (item 2) were embedded during their construction. Please note that in this case they are located even slightly lower than the top edge of the walls, which gives a certain gain in the height of the attic space. But often they are laid flush with the upper end of the walls.

Along the walls (on their eaves sides) a mauerlat (pos. 3) is installed - a beam that will become a support for the main, so-called attic rafter legs (pos. 4). Most often, these rafters are made according to a layered scheme, that is, they have an emphasis on vertical construction in the upper part (item 5). The entire “enfilade” of such racks along the entire length of the roof is connected by a common beam - purlin (item 6).

In the upper part, the opposite rafter legs, fixed to racks with purlins, are connected by a tie (item 7). This tie plays the role of a reinforcing element of the structure, but in addition, it becomes the basis for filing the flow of the attic room. That is, its location in this scheme is usually taken into account the ceiling height that is comfortable for the owners.

The main rafter legs, despite the fact that they are layered, still experience considerable bending and compression loads - simply due to their length and the peculiarities of their location at a large angle. Therefore, they need to be unloaded, that is, reinforced with additional parts. For this purpose, struts are used - diagonally located supports (item and (or) additional tightening (item 9).

As a rule, the steepness of this slope, formed by the main attic rafters, is maintained in the range from 60 to 70 degrees, although it can be even higher. This, by the way, gives another “plus” - on a plane located with such a slope, snow masses will not linger in winter, and they can be ignored when calculating these rafters.

The upper slopes form ridge rafters (item 10). They are, of course, much shorter, and are usually located at an angle to the horizon of 15 to 30 degrees. Here you can also use a hanging rafter arrangement, without a central support. But for reliability, racks or headstocks (pos. 11) are often installed on the ridge with a ridge girder running along them, and then, in fact, the rafters also turn into layered rafters.

Another nuance of this scheme. One way or another, you will have to create a roof overhang over the walls to protect them from direct moisture. This means that the attic rafters must have a certain extension (item 12) to form this overhang of the planned width. Another option is to use additional parts - the so-called “fillies”, with the help of which the length of the rafter legs is increased. This will be discussed in some detail below.

fastenings for rafters

An example of such a roof structure is shown in the illustration below.

An example of a broken-type rafter system with attic rafters attached to a mauerlat and with their extension to form a cornice overhang

Now let's look at the second scheme, paying attention to the fundamental difference.

The eaves overhang is formed by moving floor beams beyond the walls

Program for designing a house roof

Roof calculations and project development are complex procedures. If you have no experience in performing such work, it is recommended to contact qualified specialists or use appropriate software. Today you can find a large number of specialized software, but it’s worth figuring out which one is the most convenient.

Many specialists traditionally make calculations manually, but it is worth understanding that the result of a computer program calculation will be more accurate and visual.

One of the best programs for calculating roofs is FloorPlan3D. It is suitable even for a person who has no experience in the field of architecture. With its help, you can create three-dimensional roof plans and calculate the required amount of material. The main advantage of this software is the convenience and simplicity of the interface. The undoubted advantage of the program is one of the lowest prices on the market.

In the FloorPlan3D program you can make a roof project without having any special skills
If you need more complex and versatile software, you should pay attention to the ArCon application. This program allows you not only to create a project for the roof and the entire building, but also to understand the landscape design. If ArCon is considered as a tool exclusively for roof design, then in this regard the program is one of the best solutions.

ArCon is one of the best programs for designing the entire building and surrounding area, but with its help you can also calculate the roof separately
Another popular software is Autodesk Autocad. The program is in great demand and has advanced functionality, but its main disadvantage is its high cost.

Autocad is not cheap, so it is most often used by specialists

If the roof project will be drawn up for yourself, it is recommended to use FloorPlan3D. For specialists who engage in this activity on a regular basis, ArCon and AutoCad programs are more suitable.

Video: developing a project for a roof rafter system in ArchiCad

How to correctly calculate the angle of inclination

The main factors influencing the slope of the roof during its installation are:

Natural factors - climatic conditions where construction is planned (wind and snow loads);
Characteristics of roofing material.

The most optimal roof slope is an angle of 20-30 degrees. In snowy latitudes, it is recommended to make a slope of at least 45 degrees.

In this case, the snow will easily fall off the roof. Since the design of the attic roof is gable or broken gable, we will consider the slope angle in this aspect.

The geometric shape of a gable roof is an isosceles triangle, therefore, to calculate the height of the ridge depending on the slope of the slopes, you should use the trigonometric formula for a right triangle.

Therefore, there are two slopes here - the upper one, built in accordance with generally accepted standards; the lower one is steep, depending on the size of the house and the usable attic space.

The angle of inclination of the lower plane is most often 70 - 80 degrees.

It is convenient to install attic windows in a roof located at such a slope, which, due to their location, will be reliably protected from precipitation.

Calculation of rafter parameters

In this case, you need to start from the step, which is selected individually taking into account the roof structure. This parameter is influenced by the selected roofing material and the total weight of the roof.

This indicator can vary from 60 to 100 cm.

To calculate the number of rafters you need:

Find out the length of the slope;
Divide by the selected step parameter;
Add 1 to the result;
For the second slope, multiply the indicator by two.

The next parameter to determine is the length of the rafters. To do this, you need to remember the Pythagorean theorem, this calculation is based on it. The formula requires the following data:

Roof height. This value is chosen by everyone individually, depending on the need to equip a living space under the roof. For example, this value will be equal to 2 m.
The next value is half the width of the house, in this case 3m.
The quantity you need to know is the hypotenuse of the triangle. Having calculated this parameter, starting from the example data, we get 3.6 m.

Important: to the result obtained for the length of the rafters, you should add 50-70 cm, taking into account the cut.

In addition, you should determine what width to choose rafters for installation.

For this parameter you need to consider:

Roof load;
The type of wood chosen for the structure;
Rafter length;
The pitch distance of the rafters.

Roofing calculation

We need to calculate the roof area to accurately calculate the required amount of roofing material.

In order to calculate the required material, you should know the dimensions of the material, as well as the method of fastening it together.

Let's look at the most common ones:

Ceramic tiles. Consumption per 1 sq.m. about 10 pcs.;
Metal tiles. The length can be any, width - from 1190 mm;
Profiled sheeting. Any length, width - from 750 to 1100 mm;
Ondulin. Length 2000 -2400 mm. Width 950 – 1250 mm
Soft roofing shinglas. Length from 317 mm. Width 1000 mm.

Calculation example for metal tiles

You should buy roofing material with a reserve of 7-8% of the total area.

Example of a project for a pitched roof: calculation part

What is taken into account when calculating loads:

coating weight;
seasonal loads - wind, snow (this data can be taken from the SNiP tables for the region);
weight of roofing structures;
the weight of the rafter system itself.

Procedure:

we summarize the data, determine the total load, add reserve;
based on this figure, we determine the cross-section and pitch of the rafters, the need and number of reinforcing elements (struts, beams, vertical supports, etc.);
we calculate the actual mass of the rafter system itself and recalculate the loads taking it into account;
We calculate the amount of lumber for the rafters.

The amount of material for sheathing depends on the roofing material. For metal profile coatings, step lathing and counterbeams are required (see the instructions for your covering for how thick and at what step). For flexible tiles, you additionally need a solid flooring (waterproof plywood, OSB).

The simplest pie consists of a vapor barrier, insulation and waterproofing. Both films should be considered taking into account overlaps of about 15 centimeters. Insulation boards are placed between the rafters, their total area will be equal to the area of the roof.

When calculating coverage, see its technical characteristics. The usable area is indicated there, i.e. how much footage does one sheet or one package actually cover? The overlaps have already been taken into account. You may encounter difficulties when walking around roofing objects - windows, pipes. Simply subtracting their sizes from the total area is not enough. The material will most likely have to be trimmed, but it is advisable to minimize the amount of waste.

The total length of the ridge element is equal to the length of the ridge, the cornice element is equal to the length of the cornice, etc. Shaped elements for assemblies are calculated taking into account overlaps; these numbers can be taken from the installation instructions.

A very simple roof - for example, a single-pitch roof for a garage or a bathhouse - can be erected without any design at all, although calculations of loads and materials will still be required. The more complex the roof, the more difficult it is to design.

If you doubt your abilities, contact us. With us you can make a roofing project inexpensively, order its installation in full or individual stages: erection of rafters, installation or replacement of the pie, laying the covering, installation of roofing structures.

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Information on the purpose of the calculator

The online gable (gable) roof calculator is designed to calculate the angle of inclination of the rafters, the amount of sheathing, the load on the roof, as well as the amount of material required for the construction of this type of roof. The calculation takes into account all popular roofing materials, such as ceramic, cement-sand, bitumen and metal tiles, ondulin, slate, etc.

All calculations are performed in accordance with TKP 45-5.05-146-2009 and SNiP “Loads and Impacts”.

Gable (gable, gable) is a type of roof shape with two inclined slopes from the ridge to the outer walls. This form is the most common and most practical in terms of cost, efficiency and appearance. The rafters rest on each other, and their pairs are connected by lathing.

When filling out the data, pay attention to the additional information with the Additional information sign. .

The following is a complete list of calculations performed with a brief description of each item. You can also ask your question using the form in the right block.

A gable roof is a complex, large-area building structure that requires a professional approach to design and execution of work. The largest costs go to building materials for rafters, sheathing, insulation, waterproofing, and roofing material. Our gable roof calculator will allow you to calculate the amount of material.

Using a calculator saves time when designing a roof, and your money. The final 2D drawing will guide you through the work, while the 3D rendering will give you an idea of what the roof will look like. Before entering data into the online calculator, you need to have an idea about the elements of the roof.

Rafter parameters

To calculate the rafter system of a gable roof, you need to take into account:

roof load;
step between rafters.
type of roofing

100-150 mm with a span length of no more than 5 m, and with additional supports.;
150-200 mm with a span length of more than 5 m, with a step of more than 1 m, and if the angle is not large.

Important! The distance between the rafters of a gable roof is usually set at 1 m, but with a roof slope of more than 45 degrees, the pitch of the rafters can be increased to 1.4 m. For flat roofs, the pitch is 0.6-0.8 m.

The rafter legs are attached to the mauerlat, which runs along the perimeter of the house. For it, take either a board with parameters of 50x150 mm, or a beam of 150x150 mm (to distribute the load)

Sheathing parameters

For metal tiles, a sparse lathing is created with a board, the width of which is 100 mm, and the thickness is 30 mm. The board is packed in increments that must correspond to the longitudinal axis of the metal tile module - 35 cm (Super Monterrey).

For flexible tiles, the sheathing is done with a large step, since OSB or plywood will be laid on top of it as a continuous carpet.

Important! When choosing materials, pay attention to moisture resistance and minimum thickness.

When installing warm roofs, a counter-lattice is made between the waterproofing and the roof, the thickness of which should be 30-50mm.

To calculate the roof of a gable roof, you need to know the dimensions of the roofing material and the amount of overlap.
Metal tiles for hard roofing are produced in a width of 118 mm (working 110), but the length can be different. The manufacturer can cut any length to order.
Flexible tiles for soft roofing have different sizes, so you need to look at the specific material
As for the choice of insulation, for Russia the recommended thickness is at least 100 mm, and the correct one would be 150-200 mm.

Roof project for a chalet house

Chalet-style buildings were first made by residents of settlements in the Alps, but at the moment they can be seen in Western Europe, the USA, Canada and some regions of Russia.

A gable roof is suitable for a chalet-style house, but it must hang over the walls

A distinctive feature of the appearance of a chalet-style building is the roof, which hangs strongly over the walls. Under such a shelter, the base, blind area, basement and walls of the building will be reliably protected from precipitation and sunlight. The roof can be extended up to 300 cm to ensure that water drains away from the building after rain. Removing the roof can also help prevent dampness in the basement and first floor. This will help increase the possible period of use of the building.

The chalet roof structure has large extensions in the form of canopies, which can protect the terraces located along the front part of the building from wind and precipitation, or form a usable area, which will also be reliably protected from atmospheric influences.

In winter, such a roof will retain snow and can provide additional thermal insulation. It is worth noting that although such a roof visually seems large, it does not make the building heavier. However, for reliability, consoles should be built along the walls, which will serve as additional supporting parts for the roof overhangs.

This is done as follows:

Each rail in the lower part must be fixed with a bracket to the wall. This will be a reliable support.
The outer parts of the planks must be tied. Its main role is a supporting part for the roof covering.
If the building is planned to be erected from blocks, concrete or bricks, during the installation of the armored belt, not only studs for the Mauerlat should be installed, but also anchors for attaching the brackets. In this case, the rafter legs will be securely fixed in two planes.

Special cantilever elements should be attached to the wall to support the roof

For a flat roof, the project must include a reinforced rafter mechanism, since the rafters will need to withstand a large load from snow. With a slope of more than 45°, the snow load can be ignored.

Most chalet-style building designs include a large veranda, which is an advantage for a large family. It is important to remember that building such a house is an expensive process, but in the end the building will not only bring joy to the family, but will also highlight the status of the owner.

Chalet-style structures have the following features:

A flat roof with two slopes, far protruding canopies and significant overhangs.
A large terrace that extends beyond the perimeter of the building and is often supported by columns.
High base made of stone.
Second floor made of wooden parts.
Balconies that are located under the roof overhangs.

There are no special requirements for the interior of such a house, which cannot be said about the exterior. However, projects most often comply with certain standards. The basic rule is the use of wood and stone. These natural materials will be able to create an atmosphere of warmth and comfort in the rooms. The ceiling and floor base are most often constructed from wooden parts. The walls of the lower floor can be plastered, whitewashed and decorated with decorative details.

Carrying out competent and complete load calculations will make it possible to obtain a strong and reliable roof that will meet all requirements. There are projects of small country houses where a “hut” type construction is used. The roof in these buildings practically reaches the ground, combining the functions of walls and roof. Such buildings have an extraordinary and beautiful appearance.

Concept

The coating is the upper enclosing structure of the building, designed to protect against climatic influences and factors. The main function is protection from precipitation indoors. The elements are:

base. Screed made of monolithic concrete or mortar for leveling floor slabs or creating a slope;

vapor barrier. It prevents moisture from entering the roof space from the premises. High-density polyethylene foil film is used;

thermal insulation. Protects rooms from heat loss. Bulk or solid material can be used as insulation. Expanded clay, mineral wool, ecowool, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam are used;

waterproofing. To prevent the insulation from getting wet. Can be designed from roll materials or in the form of several layers of bitumen mastics;

roofing layer. The upper part that absorbs the effects of precipitation. It can be assembled from rolled or piece products, corrugated or metal sheets, reinforced concrete panels.

What is a roof

The roof is the top element in the structure of the house, performing the main protective and decorative function. It not only protects the house from all external influences and prevents heat loss, but also ensures the attractiveness of the building due to its shape, dimensions and roofing. The roof is also called the fifth facade, implying its aesthetic parameters, ideally corresponding to the chosen architectural style. Sometimes it is the roof that “stretches out” a boring typical box, for example, due to height, disproportionate slopes or elongated overhangs.

As for the difference between a roof and a roof, then structurally, a roof is a complex, prefabricated system of various elements.

And the roof is precisely the finishing covering of the roof with protective and decorative functions. And, as already mentioned, in everyday life these concepts are interchangeable. But if a roof without a roof under a temporary covering (banners, roofing felt, films, etc.) can stand if necessary, then a full-fledged roof separately from the roof is impossible in principle.

Most roofing materials are universal and suitable for almost all types of roofs; only the complexity of the work and the amount of waste will vary, that is, the price of the issue. However, there are also coatings that require a special design included in the project, so in any case, the best option is when the type of roof is determined immediately, at the design stage, especially when it comes to large houses and complex roofs.

In practice, houses are still often built without a design, “out of the blue,” let alone roofs, but with this approach the risk of getting unfinished buildings of varying degrees of readiness increases. Moreover, with the current abundance of specialized graphic editors and online calculators, even not the most advanced user is able to perform at least a primitive sketch and calculate the loads, if desired.

Polygonal or multi-gable roof

There are quite a large number of projects of this model - it all depends on the number of gables.

This is the most complex roof configuration, quite difficult to install, and it is better to hire a knowledgeable and experienced specialist for installation. But such a roof will look very impressive.

Requirements

The development of a design solution for the installation of a covering is based on compliance with the design standards of roofs, buildings and structures, safety precautions and labor protection rules. For normal operation, the coating must have the following properties:

strength;
waterproof;
resistance to sunlight, sudden changes in outdoor temperatures;
durability;
sustainability;
fire resistance;
architectural attractiveness.