Insulation of concrete walls outside and inside: materials for thermal insulation, instructions for working with liquid Akterm, polystyrene foam and other insulation materials, how to fix them

Concrete is the main building material all over the world, especially in monolithic high-rise residential construction.
But, despite the fact that it has enormous advantages, it is a cold material because it has a high thermal conductivity coefficient.

For this reason, heat from a hotter source - the internal wall of the house, quickly goes to a less heated source - the external wall.

To maintain the thermal balance in such a house with an internal temperature of +20 C, significant financial costs will be required for the heating system to ensure such significant heat losses through the walls.

The only possible way to maintain the optimal internal temperature in the house of +20 C is to insulate the wall structures. It can be carried out both outside the walls and inside the rooms. Depending on the climate zone, the characteristics of the wall and insulation, it can be complex, that is, it can have additional layers in the form of noise protection, hydro- and vapor barriers.

Why is it necessary to insulate?

According to modern requirements, single-layer insulation is practically not performed. The composition of the heat-protective cake is determined by:

installation location: outdoor/external;
characteristics of the wall;
the type of insulation chosen.

If you ask a professional how it is preferable to insulate the walls of a residential building, from the outside or from the inside, the answer will be unequivocal - from the outside.

Internal thermal insulation is installed only as a last resort, when there is no other possibility, for example, the building is an architectural monument or the small distance between adjacent walls does not technologically allow the installation of insulation.

The installation of internal insulation must be treated with great care, this is primarily due to the occurrence of a dew point at which condensation begins to flow along the wall, and in addition, the insulated wall is no longer protected by heat from the in-house heating system, since the heat barrier will not be able to transmit heat to it .

External insulation protects at cold temperatures, and to prevent household moisture from getting on the thermal insulation material , waterproofing is installed, in this case the dew point moves much further from the room to the street.

To prevent water from collecting between the wall and the heat insulator, a vapor barrier will need to be installed. Innovative heat-protective building materials are produced with a pre-installed vapor barrier layer.

In cases where the heat insulator is applied to the outside of wall structures, a wind barrier made of a vapor-proof membrane must be installed on top. It fences off the heat insulator from cold air masses hitting it.

Many novice craftsmen believe that there is no such thing as excess thermal insulation; this is not entirely correct. In thermal protection of buildings, the term used is excessive or excessive insulation.

A thick layer of insulation can disrupt the ventilation system of building structures .
In connection with this, condensation will begin to accumulate, increasing the humidity in the room, which contributes to the occurrence of rotting processes and the formation of mold.

How to insulate a concrete wall from the outside?

Owners of apartments or houses who want to insulate concrete walls often wonder how to do this and what material is best to use. Insulation of a house is carried out indoors or outside the building. Before starting work, you need to decide which walls will be insulated and what material to use. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages; the choice remains with the apartment owner.

If we consider internal insulation, we can highlight:

rapid heating of the room;
insulation can be combined with internal renovation;
You can perform the installation yourself, without involving professionals.

the heat goes away at night, the room cools;
the internal size of the room decreases;
during repairs, comfort disappears;
installation technology can affect the appearance of condensation;
the need to install ventilation;
Incorrect calculations and errors threaten the appearance of mold.

Unlike the internal insulation of a concrete wall of a building, correctly installed thermal insulation on the outside retains heat in the cold winter and has a beneficial effect on saving energy spent on air conditioning in the summer. To perform the fastening procedure, it is necessary to carry out accurate calculations of the insulation parameters. It is recommended to use the services of professionals, as mistakes in calculations will lead to unexpected financial expenses.

When calculating the thermal effect of a facade, the geographical location of the house or apartment is taken into account. Climatic zones reproduce the change in temperature in a room throughout the year, and the sides of buildings differ in air humidity, heat resistance zones with different indicator coefficients.

Thermal resistance depends on the insulation and supporting structure; when calculating, you need to take into account the properties of the material used. Concrete panels of apartment buildings require serious insulation if the walls are thick:

250 mm - 50 mm polystyrene foam is suitable, ideally 100 mm;
380 mm - 50 mm foam is suitable;
500 mm - use 25 mm sheets.

Properly installed thermal insulation of the facade will pay for itself in a couple of heating seasons, and even faster when using insulation in cottages that are not connected to centralized heating.

Consequences of the lack of protective layers

Thin insulation that does not have important protective layers or excessively thick insulation cause equal damage to a home. In this case, a distinction is made between mechanical and chemical destruction of concrete structures.

The absence of a heat insulator leads to the following mechanical damage:

temperature changes, freezing/thawing cycles of building structures;
frequent cycles of drying/wetting walls;
destruction of concrete under the influence of wind and water.

Chemical damage includes bimetallic corrosion, the action of acid and alkaline vapors in the air, as well as corrosion from stray currents, as a result of which the carbonization process occurs on concrete, when alkalinity around steel embedded parts and reinforcement units is lost.

Thus, the reasons for the destruction of concrete partitions are complex with a number of factors, but most of all they are associated with the appearance of humidity, which contributes to the appearance of dampness in the room and black mold, which is extremely harmful to people, which is one of the strongest allergens.

Peno-izol insulation

Peno-isol has several names, scientifically - urea-formaldehyde foam (UFP). The insulation is also called liquid or poured, due to the consistency when used. Peno-izol, according to technological estimates, reduces the time of construction and installation work, has a number of its own advantages and features, as well as disadvantages that you need to be aware of.

Specifications:

density from 5 to 35 kg/m3;
thermal conductivity coefficient 0.028-0.047 W/m*K;
flammability group G2 - moderately flammable, does not support independent combustion;
decline does not exceed 5%;
vapor permeability - 0.21-0.24 g/m*h*Pa;
temperature range - from -50 to +90°C;
water absorption - 6-8% in 24 hours.

In its liquid state, peno-isol resembles an airy soufflé or shaving foam; after hardening, it has a fine-cellular structure.

Work order

In order to correctly determine the composition of the cake and the size of its layers, you need to start with a laboratory study of the wall for heat loss.

Energy audits of houses and buildings today are carried out by many licensed companies in Moscow and the region, and their services will help in the future to reduce heating costs by up to 30-50%, as they help to correctly calculate thermal insulation. Thus, the costs of insulation, including an energy audit of the house, will pay off in the first 2-3 years.

Waterproofing is a set of building materials laid on a concrete wall according to the manufacturer’s technology, which will ensure the waterproofness of the heat insulator and wall structures. You need to understand that today there is no universal waterproofing. This technology is individual, just as the house and the brand of insulation that will be used are individual.

There are several technological solutions for waterproofing:

cast;
penetrating;
impregnating;
coating;
based on polymers with anti-corrosion and anti-filtration effects.

After waterproofing comes a layer of insulation. The most popular are mineral wool and polystyrene foam. Since their characteristics differ significantly from each other, they require the installation of different fixing systems and protective layers.

Materials for work

Among building materials, concrete stands out as the worst thermal insulator, and therefore, to reduce heat loss in a house, reinforced concrete walls are insulated both inside and outside the house. In the first option, in the room, most often, a layer of Penoplex is placed under the drywall, and on the outside, “warm plaster” is installed with a ventilated structure on the facade.

The construction trade market has a wide range of insulating materials:

Minvata . Its main advantages are low price, high heat-protective and noise-protective characteristics; users attribute high moisture absorption to its biggest disadvantage, which complicates the technology of creating a protective cake.
Expanded polystyrene , an inexpensive insulation material with high protective characteristics, is susceptible to direct sunlight and is damaged by rodents.
Sandwich panels , a modern heat-insulating material with high assembly speed.
Polyurethane foam is the most effective insulation with a high application rate, but the cost of the work is very expensive, and special equipment is also required to perform insulation.
Extruded polystyrene foam - Penoplex.
Liquid types of heat insulators - Akterm Beton TM 20 l.

Outside

AKTERM Concrete TM 20l is a modern liquid heat-insulating material prepared for concrete walls. This is a complex thermal insulator that protects walls not only from condensation of water vapor from the air, preventing them from freezing, but also includes inhibitors to remove biocontaminants.

The product is absolutely safe for others , since it does not have organic thinners or volatile toxic substances, and can be used both outside and inside buildings.

Indoors

Penoplex is extruded polystyrene foam, also one of the newest types of thermal insulation, it is environmentally friendly, therefore it can be used both outside and inside the building.

This insulation is durable, does not absorb moisture and has a low heat transfer coefficient . The service life of such plates is more than 50 years. Penoplex can be easily cut with the most ordinary knife, so its slabs can be easily installed in any weather.

How can you glue insulation to concrete?

To install thermal protection from foam boards, you will need waterproofing compounds and polyurethane adhesive. In addition, you will have to purchase an antiseptic, a primer with deep penetration into the concrete and finishing plaster.

Among the tools, the master should have at hand:

roulette;
construction level;
reinforced mesh;
dowel nails;
knife and spatulas;
containers for diluting and carrying adhesives.

To apply Akterm liquid insulator you do not need complex tools. First, when preparing the surface for applying a protective layer, you will need ordinary construction tools:

Master OK;
putty knife;
hammer;
brush and drill with an attachment for preparing solutions.

To treat surfaces with insulation, you will need a roller or sprayer and Akterm Beton TM itself.

Step-by-step instructions for creating thermal insulation

The technology for creating a heat-protective layer depends on the selected material. As a rule, a manufacturer, when selling its product, is obliged to provide the buyer with complete information about the technology of its use.

Liquid material "Akterm Concrete"

For thermal insulation with Akterm Beton liquid composition, a spray thickness of 1.0 mm to 2.5 mm is allowed. With a layer of 1 mm, the material consumption will be equal to 1 liter per 1 m2 of wall.

Instructions for use "Akterm Beton":

Clean the surface from dirt and repair chips and cracks so that it becomes even and smooth.
After the repaired wall has dried, treat the surface with an acrylic primer.
Next, apply the first layer of Akterm Concrete using a roller or sprayer.
1 mm, which should dry at 20 C during the day.
Next, apply a second layer and also allow it to dry.
Decorative plaster is applied or wallpaper is pasted during internal heat-insulation work.

Sheet materials

It is much easier and more economical to install foam plastic indoors, however, it should be taken into account that the wall will remain cold, since warm air from the heating system will not flow to it, and therefore, at low atmospheric temperatures in winter, it will cool further more.

Algorithm for internal installation of foam plastic:

Preparing walls for installation involves cleaning them from dirt and any biological contaminants; it is advisable to rinse them thoroughly with water. If cracks and other irregularities are found, they are carefully repaired.
Lay the waterproofing layer with mastic materials or treat the surface with a deep penetration primer.
Wait until the waterproofing is completely dry.
Vertical sags are secured in order to control the vertical installation of slabs.
The laying of slabs begins from the bottom up, the first row lies on a strictly horizontal mounting angle.
The installation is controlled in the horizontal direction using measuring instruments.
The slabs are fixed to the wall surface with glue, stacked tightly against each other, with the next row offset in a checkerboard pattern.
Carefully seal the seams: with foam, tape or putty.
After the adhesive solution has hardened, the slabs are additionally fixed with dowels, for which a hole is made in the wall.
Install the fiberglass mesh with the same installation solution for the insulation.
After the solution has dried, a protective plaster layer is applied, followed by painting, or the insulation is covered with plasterboard.

Insulation methods

A variety of insulation methods allows you to choose the best option for yourself, in accordance with your financial capabilities and preferences.

The first option is to use polystyrene foam

Polystyrene foam is a cheap and practical material. Suitable for those who have a limited budget, at the same time, it has excellent characteristics. You can buy EPS (extruded polystyrene foam). It has better characteristics, but the price is not very high. But it is not recommended to insulate concrete walls from the inside.

Algorithm for performing the work:

Along the perimeter at the bottom there is a plinth that will serve as a stand for sheets.
Fixation is done with glue. Can be applied in a continuous layer with a notched trowel or in spots, around the perimeter and in the center.
The first mat is fixed from the corner, and so on for the entire row. The rest are close to them. The next row is laid offset so that the seams of adjacent rows do not intersect.
Additionally, the mats are fixed using dowels with an umbrella. Holes are drilled using a hammer drill and dowels are driven in. For 1 sheet you need 5 dowels.
When the glue dries (from 1 to 2 days), the reinforcing mesh is glued. To do this, glue is applied to the foam, and the mesh is embedded in it. An overlap of 5-10 cm is made at the joints.
After drying, the walls are plastered.

At the end, all that remains is to prime the wall and do the finishing touches. This method is called a wet facade.

The second option is to use PPU

Polyurethane foam is a heat insulator applied by spraying. It is somewhat reminiscent of polyurethane foam. When the components are mixed and react with air, the material begins to increase in size, filling the entire space. The option is modern and effective. The material is not afraid of moisture. Internal and external insulation is possible. However, the process of insulating concrete walls with polyurethane foam requires special, expensive equipment.

The work is done quickly, the layer turns out monolithic, without cold bridges. However, it is vulnerable to UV rays. In addition, the layer does not allow steam to pass through; a ventilation system is needed. The essence of the work is to apply material from the compressor to the surface.

The third option is thermal insulation plaster

If you need a cheap, quick way to insulate concrete walls, then you can use heat-insulating plaster. However, it is not a full-fledged heat insulator; for cold regions this is not an option, only combination with other materials.

Features and differences of thermal insulation from the outside of the building and from the inside

Each option for installing thermal protection for a building - external or internal - has its own nuances in execution.

The main differences are in the environment:

when installed externally, this is a strong influence of the atmosphere with sudden temperature changes and wind loads;
with internal protection it is a more uniform air environment with average annual temperatures of 18-25 C.

The next difference between the two options is the thickness of the protective layer:

for outdoor work it is higher than 100 mm;
for internal ones - does not exceed 50 mm.

And the last significant difference is the formation of the dew point:

With external insulation, it is brought out onto the outer surface of the wall.
If it’s internal, it’s on a surface that opens into the room, which is very dangerous, since condensation can accumulate on the wall. It will not only spoil the external decoration of the house, but also penetrate into the structure of the base and foundation, causing their destruction.

Application of ceramic-isol

In the modern market, new promising technologies are replacing traditional building materials; production produces universal products that have increased efficiency when used. Keramo-izol is an environmentally friendly composition and does not pose any danger to human health, which is an important aspect in its application. Installation does not require complex preparatory processes, application is simple with a long service life. Liquid thermal insulation suspension successfully protects against cold, creating coziness and comfort in the rooms.

Keramo-izol is used for everything that can be painted. Application is carried out with a brush, spray gun, or foam roller. The suspension has good adhesion and is easily applied to the surfaces of monolithic structures. The environmentally friendly product has advantages that are appreciated in the construction industry.

Pros:

• good thermal insulation properties - reduction of heat loss by 1/3;

• easy to use, application can be done independently;

• can be applied to structures of different shapes;

• the range of shades for painting is varied;

• resistance to ultraviolet radiation;

• has anti-corrosion properties.

Keramo-izol is a universal means for creating an atmosphere of warmth in your home.

Cost of work

Table with approximate prices:

Thermal insulation grade	Size	Material price, rub.	Cost of work, rub. Moscow	Cost of work, rub. Yaroslavl	Cost of work, rub. Voronezh
Akterm Concrete	20 l	7000	350 m2	200 m2	230 m2
Polyurethane foam spraying method	Packaging, 4 m3	5300	900 m3	790 m3	800 m3
Basalt mineral wool GREENGUARG	0.288 m3	510	300 m2	250 m2	270 m2
Insulation: Expanded polystyrene boards. extrusion TECHNONICOL	0.273 m3	1356	500 m2	350 m2	300 m2
Penoplex Facade, glue, doweling	1185 mm x 585 mm x 50 mm, pack of 4 pieces	1370	600 m2	450 m2	430 m2

How to insulate a brick wall from the outside?

Clay brick, unlike a concrete slab, has more advantages in terms of energy efficiency, but this does not mean that it does not need additional insulation and if it is possible to make an outer layer of thermal insulation , then it is better not to put it off.

Insulation can be carried out with or without the creation of a ventilated facade, it all depends on the structure of the material used and the owner’s budget.

If savings are necessary, insulation is carried out by attaching heat insulating slabs to a brick surface and subsequent plastering.

This option is quite often used by residents of multi-storey buildings , insulating their walls separately, although for private housing construction this type of insulation is also used quite often.

Creating a ventilated facade is used only for private houses, since it involves the construction of a new fence on top of the existing one, while the new facade will allow air into the space between the walls to prevent condensation from forming.

In this case soft sheets of mineral wool , and to lay them on the wall, a lathing made of wood or metal profiles, with cells to match the size of the sheet, is mounted.

Possible mistakes

High-quality insulation of external and internal concrete walls requires a professional approach, since the process is multi-stage and requires careful implementation of each stage.
Most mistakes are made when performing internal insulation, since the brand of insulation and its thickness are chosen incorrectly.

Therefore, the wall will be completely cut off from the heat of the heating system and will freeze, absorbing moisture.

The insulation pie from the inside must be carefully calculated by specialists, determining the actual heat loss through the wall. After which a heat insulator with a low level of moisture absorption and vapor permeability is selected.

The main mistakes in external insulation are: poor preparation of walls, violation of layer laying technology, lack of waterproofing, incorrect placement of slabs without seam displacement, loose fit of slabs to the walls, incorrect type and thickness of insulation.

Despite the fact that concrete is considered the most practical and reliable building material, it has a significant drawback - the highest heat transfer coefficient, which leads to the rapid removal of thermal energy from a warm room to the environment.

Therefore, everyone knows that concrete houses are the coldest. In Soviet times, this problem was solved by increasing the specific heat supply standards for such houses, that is, they simply overheated them.

Mineral wool

The insulation is available in the form of rolls or in a modern version in the form of slabs. The benefits consist of many factors that deserve the consumer's attention.

Pros:

thermal conductivity is low;
the product is environmentally friendly;
Rodents do not like mineral wool;
fire-fighting properties - not susceptible to persecution;
long service life.

Minuses:

moisture resistance at a low level;
installation requires preparation in choosing a waterproofing coating;
When compressed, it loses its thermal insulation properties.

Due to the price/quality ratio, mineral wool is in consumer demand.

Content

Freezing of the walls of a house or the formation of condensation on them is a very unpleasant moment, so in such cases it is necessary to insulate the facade in a timely manner, and it is advisable to do this from the outside.
Thermal insulation of concrete buildings is carried out only on the street side. Internal insulation leads to condensation forming between the surface of the walls and the insulation. Subsequently, it will contribute to the formation of mold. This will negatively affect decorative finishing (wallpaper, plaster), and can also cause serious illnesses.

Thermal insulation of external concrete walls

In order to help the reader understand this issue, this article will discuss the main aspects of thermal insulation of external walls of buildings made of monolithic reinforced concrete. In addition, detailed instructions will be presented here, which describe the main methods of insulating walls using the most common building materials.

Layout of expanded polystyrene panels on the external wall of the building.

Features of insulation of a residential building

When considering the technology for performing work, it should be borne in mind that insulation of a concrete wall of a residential building can be done in two ways:

outside,
from the inside.

Using plaster mortar

We can say that this is the dirtiest, longest and most ineffective method in the fight to preserve heat.

The walls are plastered, rather for aesthetic purposes, but as a heat insulator it plays a very small role.

For comparison, let’s consider the thermal conductivity of various types of plaster and other materials.

Material	*Thermal conductivity (W:(m°C)**
Cement-sand mixture	1,2
Limestone	0,7
Plaster	0,3
Dry	0,21
Concrete of different brands	0,3 – 1,5
Brick of different brands	0,4 – 1,6
Mineral wool	0,03-0,04
Styrofoam	0,03-0,05
Extruded foam	0,02-0,03

As you can see, most plaster solutions are close in performance to the walls themselves on which they are applied.

For interior work, “warm” cement- or gypsum-based plasters are used (gypsum is used only indoors).

Instead of sand there are various components:

pumice powder;
perlite;
polystyrene foam granules;
sawdust;
expanded vermiculite.

But even with the use of such additives, the layer of plaster must be five to ten times thicker to compare with polystyrene foam and mineral wool.

If you need a little additional thermal insulation, using plasters you can “kill” several birds with one stone - level the surface (plasters fit well on almost any material), and slightly improve the thermal insulation and sound insulation of the wall. Plaster and painting can be the finishing touch to polystyrene foam.

Warm plaster application technology:

Preparing the wall. The remains of the previous coating are removed, the wall is cleaned, and primed with an antiseptic solution.
Reinforcement. It is recommended to attach a special plaster mesh to the wall as reinforcement.
The surface is wetted with water.
Preparation of the mixture. The composition is mixed in a special container according to the instructions. The mixture is mixed using a construction mixer. Test: a small amount of the mixture should stick on the trowel even if you turn it over.
Applying the first layer. There is a manual method of applying the solution and a machine one. Layer thickness - up to 2 cm. Drying time - 4 hours or more (if it is humid or cold indoors or outdoors).
Applying the second layer. The total thickness of the two layers should not be more than 5 cm.

A thinner layer of plaster can be applied without using a reinforcing mesh. After all, the metal component reduces the heat-saving properties of the layer.

Brick is a very reliable material, but without thermal insulation it is very cold to live in a brick house. How to insulate a brick wall from the inside - this is the subject of the next article.

The technology for making ecowool with your own hands is described at the link.

Conclusion

The most effective and correct way to insulate indoors is to use extruded polystyrene foam. It is better to use mineral wool for a dry attic, and plastering improves the thermal insulation properties of the wall by only a few percent, which is not enough for full insulation.

What materials and tools need to be purchased?

Tools for installing thermal insulation.

Thermal insulation in the form of sheets, slabs or liquid.
Deep penetration primer composition.
Antiseptic.
Sealant or mastic.
Special plaster mixture for bathrooms or swimming pools.
Metal construction mesh.
Wooden slats.
Brick or plasterboard sheets.
Waterproofing materials.
Vapor-proof film.
Metal profile for installing drywall.
Drill with mixer attachment.
Needle roller.
Rule.
Plastic beacons.
Spatula-comb.
Building level.
Screws, dowels, plates for suspension.

To insulate concrete walls, you can use different materials and methods of installation. It all depends on the financial capabilities of the apartment owner. Desire alone is not enough in this matter. It is best to insulate walls in summer, when it is hot. Then you won’t need to dry them using heaters. When work is completed, the owner of the premises must be prepared for the fact that the area of his apartment will decrease somewhat, but in winter the desired temperature will be maintained in it.

Types of adhesives

To fix the insulation, adhesive compositions on various bases are used. This determines their possible area of use and the order of installation. If you use a composition for interior work to insulate the walls outside the house, the assembled structure will not last long. To avoid this, it is worth understanding the distinctive features of each type and listening to the opinions of experts.

Polyurethane

It is supplied ready-made in pistols and aerosol cans, simplifying the application process. For the composition to set, 0.5 - 1 minute is enough after pressing the foam board to the base. Because of this, the foam board must be leveled immediately after being placed on the base.

Can be used to fix thermal insulation material on different surfaces. Allows you to fix the slabs on a wooden base and on brickwork. Features increased adhesion.

The adhesive is easy to apply - like polyurethane foam. Source banyabest.ru

Mineral

Effective and inexpensive foam adhesive for outdoor use. Can be used for attaching insulation to a concrete base, walls, and aerated concrete and sandstone.

Supplied in the form of a dry mixture, packaged in paper bags of various capacities. Before use, a certain amount of water is added to the composition according to the manufacturer’s instructions until a solution with a homogeneous structure is obtained. A notched grater is used for application.

Mineral glue is characterized by:

increased adhesive characteristics, allowing the slabs to be securely fixed to the base surface;
plastic;
frost resistance, making it possible to use the composition outdoors;
moisture resistance;
versatility: ready-made glue can be applied to different substrates.

Before application, the composition is diluted with water. Source regkom77.ru

Polymeric

Polymer composition - adhesive for penoplex for interior work. Allows you to fix foam boards on any surface. They have a limited service life. They are sold in special cylinders, from which the adhesive composition is supplied under pressure.

Application is carried out using a special gun. The adhesive composition sets quickly enough, which makes it difficult to use when doing work on your own. Adjustment of the position of the heat-insulating mat is possible in the first half a minute.

Waterproofing

The composition of the adhesive may vary significantly. To maintain the integrity of the thermal insulation material, for attaching the slabs you should choose a waterproofing adhesive that does not contain aggressive components. These include solvents, petroleum products and a number of others.

Bituminous

The most common material. It is easy to use and accessible. Bitumen mastics are able to retain their properties at sub-zero temperatures. Sold ready-made. It is used for thermal insulation of plinths of various buildings operated in unfavorable conditions.

Bitumen mastics allow you to protect the baseSource kraski-net.ru

Used for fastening penoplex and sealing joints between heat-insulating boards. The packaging contains instructions that describe how to attach penoplex using bitumen mastic. The composition is applied around the perimeter of the insulating board and in the center. For application, use a spatula or brush. The mastic is distributed in a thick layer. When installing the second and subsequent elements, the space between the slabs is filled with bitumen mastic. For reliable fixation, the insulation is pressed for some time, having previously ensured the required spatial position.

Liquid Nails

An expensive option compared to other formulations. Supplied in convenient packaging - in special tubes. The composition is applied to the sheets in strips in the form of snakes. It takes 10 - 20 seconds for liquid nails to dry.

Differs in increased adhesive properties. Allows you to attach heat-insulating boards to any base. If liquid nails will be used as fasteners for penoplex mounted outside, an adhesive composition that can withstand negative temperatures is selected. Due to the high cost, they are used only for small areas.

Liquid nails are an expensive but high-quality optionSource remontkit.ru

Acrylic

A universal option. Allows you to fix heat-insulating sheets on surfaces made of metal, wood, concrete, brick. Used when performing work outside and inside the house. The composition of the acrylic adhesive allows you to form a layer with waterproofing properties. It has low consumption.

How to insulate

It is necessary to decide on the thickness of the insulation; in this case, you cannot act on the principle that the thicker the better. Thus, you will not only spend extra money, but also reduce the strength of the coating.

For external wall insulation, the best option is penoplex with a density of 25 kg/m3. You can also take material with a density of 15 kg/m3, but it is usually used for non-permanent premises, such as a balcony or veranda, kiosk, stall, warehouse, as well as for decorative elements.