How to beautifully distribute lamps on a suspended ceiling

Not everyone knows about the features of bathroom lighting, what the pitfalls are and how to properly ensure safety. First of all, protection from moisture is very important in this room. And it is not surprising, because such a lamp is, first of all, an electrical device, the operation of which is associated with certain risks. And the humidity level in the bathroom is always high . Moreover, even in the case of high-quality modern repairs, it is not possible to overcome excessive humidity, so the contacts must be protected so that the lamps are safe, durable and functional. So, today we will talk about lamps for the bathroom, consider their types and selection criteria, and also do the installation yourself. But first things first.

Spotlights for the bathroom

Note! Lighting fixtures for the bathroom must be waterproof - there is no place for ordinary light bulbs and primitive sockets. But the average consumer, alas, does not always understand all these subtleties. As a result, for a room where temperature/humidity changes are constantly observed, and steam is often more like a curtain, ordinary lamps are purchased. Except that the power is greater, and the dimensions are smaller. However, this approach is fundamentally wrong!

The bathroom is a room with high humidity levels

Installation of light sources in PVC ceiling

When planning, selecting and installing lighting devices, consider several nuances.
For good illumination of rooms with a height of more than 2.6 meters, ceiling lamps are installed in increments of no more than 1 meter, and the distance from the wall to the first device is no more than 0.6 meters. Point light sources illuminate the space below them in a cone with an angle of only 30˚. Before installing ceiling light sources, prepare a layout diagram. This will help you clearly plan the wiring, calculate the number of devices and cable length, placement and type of switches.

To install lamps on your own, you will need to prepare:

• lighting devices in the estimated quantity (plus 1 or 2 pieces in case of replacement);
• wire, length is checked with the diagram;
• terminal blocks;
• electrical tape;
• switches.

Installation of lamps
When choosing spotlights for installation in a plastic ceiling, please note that the power should not exceed 40 watts. Otherwise, there is a risk of plastic heating, deformation and the release of toxic fumes

LEDs or halogen lamps are selected taking into account power and illumination. The wire for plastic is fireproof, multi-core. The terminal blocks connect the wires well, but they need to be checked approximately every two years.

The wire is fixed in the places where the lamps are installed, at the point of the proposed hole, in the panel we make a loop of 10-14 cm wire. For convenience and reliability of fixing the wire on the frame, use plastic latches or clamps. Do not over-tighten to avoid damaging the braid. After pulling the wire, the ceiling is covered with plastic panels.

Use a wood bit to make holes. The diameter must match the size of the lamps - less than 4 mm of the diameter of the front ring. The standard diameter is 58-74 mm. When planning the installation location, weigh everything carefully, since it is difficult to correct the consequences of making a hole.

Making holes in PVC panels

https://youtube.com/watch?v=AqFCVOLHCPU

Worth remembering

• Light and smooth walls (ceilings) do not absorb light as much as, for example, dark ones with a rough textured surface.
• Fans of mirrors need to remember: to avoid the effect of multiple reflections, do not place them opposite each other.
• Plan ahead for lighting before renovations to run the cable.
• Don't forget about safety measures. Make sure there are no exposed wiring. If sockets are installed, they should be located away from washbasins and bathtubs (with moisture protection). Don't forget about grounding. Do not use extension cords or tees.
• When leaving the bathroom, don't forget to turn off the light!

Spot location rules

True, in order to squeeze the maximum aesthetic appeal from the mounted panel, you need to know the basic rules for the safe placement of spots on a stretch ceiling. Let's try to list below those that are considered basic:

1. if the spots are located along the wall, then maintain the minimum distance required for high-quality light dispersion - 20 cm. If you ignore this recommendation, you will not be able to get the level of illumination you want from the mounted lamps;
2. the recommended distance between spots is from 30 centimeters, the optimal one is determined by local need and the type of stretched panel;
3. parallel placed spotlights visually lengthen the room - this can be successfully used for rooms that need some visual correction;
4. a rectangular arrangement is ideal for small and narrow rooms, but most often requires support in the form of “heavy artillery” - a weighty chandelier in the center;
5. if you use spots in connection with stretch ceilings made of ordinary PVC film, then the maximum permissible power for halogen lamps is up to 20 W, for a satin panel a little more - up to 35 W;
6. the exact number of lamps is always determined by the type of light pattern in the room, but one spot can illuminate no more than 2 m2 of free area. This figure must be kept in mind when drawing up a plan for the placement of spotlights on a suspended ceiling.

Mirror and washbasin lighting

Depends on the overall style and design of the bathroom:

• Figured lamps on both sides of the mirror.
• Illumination around the perimeter, including the edges of the shelves and the lower border of the sink.
• Sometimes a large wall lamp in the center above the mirror and sink is enough.

Tinted, matte lampshades and the use of energy-saving lamps are recommended. The easiest way to select the lighting intensity is by experiment.

If anyone in the family uses contact lenses, good mirror lighting is vital. In this case, it can be considered mandatory to install two symmetrical lamps to the right and left of the mirror.

It is advisable to allocate a separate shelf or niche for a container with lenses and lens care products.

Basic rules for placing spotlights

There is only one rule here - do not place lamps closer than 15 cm to the seam of the stretch ceiling. Because if you do otherwise, there is a high risk of damage to the tension covering during installation.

Otherwise, there is complete freedom of action, but if you want to maintain at least some geometry, then it makes sense to adhere to rule number two - do not place the lamps closer than 20 centimeters to each other.

And, if the exact distance is not your case and you want to depict chaotic chaos on the ceiling, then rely solely on your taste.

And yet, before making holes in the stretch ceiling, it is better to carefully draw circles with chalk on the surface itself, in the place of the intended points. This way you can see it much better than drawing on paper. It’s always the same in the picture, but in reality everything looks completely different, and you can’t fix the hole!

Better spend an extra half hour, draw everything and look carefully at what comes out. As a rule, after such a sketch, the desire to experiment with asymmetry instantly disappears.

Decorative lighting

She may be:

in form and structure:

• point;
• linear;
• scattered - semi-hidden, for example, by the edge of a two-level ceiling.

by color:

• colored plain;
• changing color;
• with flickering and “winking” modes, like in New Year’s garlands.

The best-designed lighting system will not work fully if ventilation does not function well enough, if water vapor and dampness accumulate and remain for a long time.

Features of the selection of lamps for suspended ceilings

Stretch ceilings are different, and so are lamps. The most key point in selecting spots for a stretch ceiling is not their visual appeal and size, but their power. You should “dance” from it, since there is a high probability of damage to the coating due to heat.

But a melted stretch ceiling cannot be repaired, you understand. So, be careful at this moment so that it doesn’t cause excruciating pain later.

What types of suspended ceilings are there: film (PVC) and fabric. Moreover, both the one and the other option do not tolerate strong heat, but the fabric one is a little more stable. In addition, if you heat up the film ceiling too much, in addition to rapid deterioration, you will daily receive a portion of formaldehyde vapor into the air, since it is released at temperatures above 70 degrees.

So, what then is the optimal possible power for spotlights?

For fabric ceilings:

• Halogen – up to 35 W
• Incandescent lamps – up to 60 W

For film ceilings:

• Halogen – up to 20 W
• Incandescent lamps – up to 40 W

There is also another great option - LED lamps. Their cost is slightly more than those mentioned above, but:

• last much longer;
• There is no way they can melt the ceiling;
• since they emit almost no heat at all.

But there is also one small point here: in order to “start” these lamps, you need to connect them to a special adapter, which not only heats up, but literally “burns”. Therefore, under no circumstances place this device on the ceiling itself, under the film!

It is better to place it somewhere on the wall, in a corner, behind a curtain. This will be even more convenient for you, since adapters periodically need repairs, and disassembling a suspended ceiling for this purpose is not fun for the faint of heart, to put it mildly.

Apart from this, we have nothing more to add. You are free to choose absolutely any design and size of spots, based solely on your taste and wallet.

Suitable lighting power

The level of illumination in a sanitary room affects the comfort of the residents there. Therefore, there are standards for the number of lumens per square meter of a room, that is, for the brightness of the light flow of each light bulb.

For sanitary premises, 200 lumens per square meter is sufficient. At the same time, we must not forget about the decoration of the walls of the room: the darker the tone of the decoration, the more light will be needed for comfortable lighting.

• Incandescent lamps with a power of 25 to 100 watts have a brightness of 200 to 1350 lumens.
• Halogen lamps will provide brightness from 625 to 1170 lumens.
• Fluorescent lamps will provide 1500 to 2000 lumens.
• LED lamps are the brightest, up to 6000 lumens, and they can be selected to suit any need due to the many configurations of such lighting.

Illumination standards

Principles and selection criteria

During a room inspection, measurers can offer several dozen options for the placement of spotlights on a suspended ceiling. Small lighting bulbs can be combined with chandeliers or LED strips. All these combinations will result in a huge number of design options, so it’s worth taking technical aspects into account.

Area and layout

First of all, you need to keep in mind the size of the room, its purpose and the coefficient of natural light in the room

It is important to remember that you can reduce the brightness using additional switches or a combination of several lamps, but it is impossible to increase the illumination. Installation specialists will help you calculate a favorable light level

physical characteristics

Spot lamp models are most often built into the ceiling or installed in close proximity to it. In this case, heat release indicators are taken into account. Tension models in which PVC film was used will not withstand a load of more than 40 W. Fabric models cope with the heat emission of 60 W bulbs. Halogen lamps reduce the permissible parameter to 20 and 35 W. These values ​​are extremely important, because they allow you to increase the service life of the ceiling.

For very spacious rooms, experts recommend installing a chandelier in combination with spotlights. The latter act as a room divider into zones and create comfort and a pleasant atmosphere. The chandelier will provide the required level of lighting when necessary.

Design Features

If the design of suspended ceilings with spotlights does not involve the installation of a full-fledged chandelier, then it is worth considering the option of installing elements with external fastening. This will solve the issue of thermal conductivity and increase the permissible power.

It is recommended to additionally equip halogen lamps with a dimmer. A special device for smoothly adjusting the light is not suitable for energy-saving lamps, since the models will periodically turn off completely and quickly fail.

A master measurer will be able to accurately calculate the required number of lamps. The basic standards look like this: one chiseled lighting element should account for 2 m2 of ceiling space. This means that for a room of 25 m2 you need to install about 15 lamps. But the standards can be adjusted, since it all depends on the model, power, type of ceiling, room, combination with other elements and level of natural light.

Rotary and non-rotating

Point - rotating and non-rotating types solve the problems of small rooms; they do not eat up space, but on the contrary, expand it. According to their characteristics, they have the following differences:

• Rotary. They have the ability to change the direction of the light beam. The direction is changed manually with a simple movement of the hand. Thanks to the adjustment, fewer lamps can be placed in the room than with rotating models.
• Fixed. They have a rigid fastening. A ray of light illuminates a specific area of ​​space. by zone or the entire room as a whole.

One of the most popular rotating devices are spot models of lighting fixtures

Variety of rotary models

Spotlight with rotating mechanism

Correct placement of lamps

Before attaching the lamps, you need to decide on their location. There are several functional areas in the bathroom, each of which takes into account:

• room size;
• color of walls and ceiling;
• presence of window openings.

Bathrooms in multi-storey residential buildings are small in size, but have great functionality. As a rule, such rooms contain a shower stall, a washing machine, and a sink with a mirror and shelves. But even with an acute lack of space, lighting in the bathroom should be multi-level. For example, several built-in ceiling lights can set the overall background, and adjustable wall sconces will add light near the mirror with the sink.

Properly lighting a larger room is more difficult. You will either have to use your own imagination, or trust a special company engaged in lighting and bathroom design.

It is worth noting that there are many options for organizing lighting in a large bathroom. However, today the most relevant is three-level lighting, which involves the placement of lamps of different types at different distances from the floor.

The overall luminous flux is determined by ceiling lamps. Built-in models in bathrooms with plasterboard and suspended ceilings look practical and modern. They can form geometric shapes or be located above the most popular places: shower stall, front door.

Local (spot) lighting in the bathroom is formed by wall sconces or spots located near mirrors or along the perimeter of the room. They are connected from a separate switch and used to obtain greater light output.

The third level serves as decorative lighting and is necessary to create a relaxing, intimate environment. These can be ready-made LED light sources built into a shower stall or bathtub. Or projects made on the basis of RGB LED strips, allowing you to set the brightness and color of the radiation according to your own mood.

Design techniques in organizing lighting

Human imagination knows no boundaries, so the ideas produced by the minds of professional designers are diverse, enchanting and non-standard.
Our task is to choose your option from all the variety offered. The one that will best suit both our premises and our own needs.

It is not at all necessary for the bathroom to shine with sterile whiteness: the only important thing is that all the objects placed in this space harmoniously complement each other

We will proceed from the fact that a room of any size can be transformed if you are guided not only by a sense of beauty, but also by common sense. A harmonious combination of lamps of different types, located at different lighting levels, should provide this intimate corner of your apartment with its special appeal.

Technique #1 - proper organization of ceiling light

Any bathroom should have overhead light. The most daring design solutions still involve the use of lamps, if not on the ceiling itself, then at a level of 180 cm from the floor and above.

The composition “starry sky” receives increased attention from buyers. But magnificent crystal chandeliers also have their fans.

It is interesting that a massive chandelier made of colored crystal does not look like an alien body at all in this Provence style interior

Spotlights win their fans with their variety of designs, reliability and, of course, efficiency. They are easy to use; you just need to think carefully about their placement scheme in advance. You can place them around the perimeter, concentrate them in the central part or above functional areas (bathtub, washbasin, mirror, etc.). It is important not to leave shaded areas in the room.

You can achieve uniform distribution of light even in a very spacious room if you use a large number of low-power sources of modest size.

Often, to implement such tasks, halogen lamps of built-in or open type are used. Built-in structures will look great if they are mounted in a suspended ceiling.

The combination of direct and reflected light creates a fabulous picture that you want to admire while lying in a cozy bath filled with warm water

When the ceiling in your bathroom is high enough, it makes sense to use not only direct, but also reflected light. To do this, for example, at a short distance from the ceiling, you can install an aluminum suspension with point devices that provide direct beams directed downwards. The reflected ones will be emitted by sources mounted on the opposite side of the suspension.

Busbar and string conductive systems can help organize unusual lighting for a room designed in a futuristic style. They are perfect for a room with a low ceiling. It is to it or to the top of the walls that such unique light “beads” are attached.

Technique #2 - emphasis on the main element of the interior

Since the main elements of most bathrooms are the sanitary ware of the same name, it should not be deprived of light accents.

The idea of ​​installing a bathing bowl on a pedestal is not new: it has long found its fans. In a spacious room, this design not only looks attractive, but also allows you to decorate the pedestal itself with individual decorative elements and, of course, lighting around the entire perimeter. Candles mounted on a pedestal in one place or around the font will also find their use here.

The sides of the pedestal can serve as a source of lighting and a stand for candles, towels, pumice, cream, scrub and aromatic oils

The bowl itself can be illuminated with an elegant ceiling chandelier or even a simple lampshade if the bathing area is separated from the main space of the room by a curtain.

Bright lighting allows you to use all the functionality of the bathtub, and its LED lighting will create the illusion of flowing water or a container floating above the floor surface.

This self-illuminated bowl captivates with its inner glow, but can also be brightly illuminated with the help of a chandelier made in the form of air bubbles

An autonomous lighting can be hidden in the tank itself, allowing the recipient of water procedures to feel ascended to heaven or immersed in the depths of the ocean.

This option is ideal for those who are not used to saving money and do not want to burden themselves with thoughts about how to install additional lighting.

Probably, even colored streams of water would not look as impressive as this light pouring from a shower head, captured in a monochrome photograph

Interesting ideas can be realized even if the traditional font gives way to a modern shower. The illumination of the shower head looks especially impressive when the light source is mounted directly into it. The stream of water may take on an unusual color.

Niches and mirrors

Lights near mirrors should be directed downwards onto shelves or towards a person to make the reflection brighter and clearer. They are attached to the top and sides. It is most convenient to use devices on brackets that change their position. Miniature dim lamps that do not irritate the eyes will look good from below.

Technique #3 - successful lighting of the mirror area

Regardless of the size of the room, there must be a mirror in it - the basis of the working area. It is usually located above the washbasin and next to the shelves for cosmetics and personal care products. Designers offer different ways to highlight and decorate this corner of the room.

When choosing the appropriate lighting option for the mirror area, rely on three basic rules:

• the light should not blind the eyes and be reflected in the mirror in the form of glare;
• No shadows should fall on your face;
• The color scheme of lighting should match the natural one as much as possible.

The last two requirements help to correctly apply both daytime and evening makeup, accurately select the color scheme and not overdo it with the saturation of tones.

It is best to illuminate the mirror surface from at least three sides: on top for shaving and on the sides for applying makeup. For this purpose, sconces on flexible brackets that can be deployed in a way that is convenient for the user are well suited.

A properly organized and successfully illuminated mirror area is both beautiful and functional, which is what you should strive for

The most common recommendation from designers for arranging this part of the work area is to use built-in mirror lighting. Yes, it's an expensive pleasure. You can reduce the cost of the result by using fluorescent lamps located vertically or along the perimeter of the object. Framing with LED strips or halogen bulbs is considered popular.

Technique #4 - highlighting pieces of furniture

It is impossible to polish sanitary ware and washbasins to a shine or to polish metal interior elements without the use of modern detergents. And all these household chemicals should be kept at hand - in the bathroom.

Here, without being conspicuous to strangers, cosmetics and personal hygiene items find their place. It turns out that there should be some kind of furniture in this room.

The lighting of the shelves allows you to easily see everything that is placed on them in order to select the item you need at the moment.

We don’t have to highlight it with light, but if in the morning rush we have to quickly find some item, then a small lamp above the desired shelf will come in handy. By spending money on functional lighting, we will save not only our time, but also our nerves.

Floor lighting

Floor lamps often come into contact with water and therefore must be moisture resistant. The required degree of protection is IP67. Devices with this index are isolated from liquid and dust.

You can decorate the floor with spotlights. To do this, holes are made in the marked areas of the tiles and lamps are installed in them. Most often they are mounted around the perimeter of the room or along one wall.

Attention! LEDs have a long service life and minimal energy consumption.

Neon lamps are expensive, but last up to 10 years. There are dozens of color variations of such lamps. But they must be hidden under a niche and isolated from water. It is recommended to install such lighting along the walls, in areas opposite to the taps.

A more modern analogue is energy-saving LED strips. They are easy to install, last longer and are less fragile. They are used both outside and as hidden lighting in the bathroom.

You can also install several small spotlights with white or blue color, or a thin LED strip in the steps. The lamp power should be no more than 5 W.

Technique #5 - lower-level decorative effects

We said above that the lighting of the lower level is, as a rule, decorative in nature. But you shouldn’t lose sight of the fact that it can also be used as an emergency device.

If you organize it directly in the floor covering, then the best solution would be to use sealed low-power lamps, which are used to mark garden paths in suburban areas. Their power does not exceed 5 W, and their diameter is 5 cm.

The use of moisture-resistant LED strip will provide a special decorative effect. If you fix it around the perimeter of the bathtub in its lower part, then even a massive bowl will seem to soar above the floor.

Even a combined bathroom of a very modest size can be completely transformed by the efforts of the designer, who successfully combined the lighting of all three levels at once.

It should be remembered that proper lighting in the bathroom can only be achieved when it is combined with the style in which the room itself is designed.

Technique #6—showing individuality in lighting

Each person has his own idea of ​​coziness and comfort. For some, it’s easier to blend in with the crowd and feel like a raindrop in a general downpour. This is how he feels like a part of society, and ensures that his own position is covered by public opinion: everything is like people’s.

Another is closer to a spectacular rainbow. He is not used to obeying stereotypes and following the canons of fashion, no matter how attractive it may be.

Perhaps such a design may seem too bold to some, but its author certainly cannot be denied the expression of individuality, and that’s great.

Refusal from impersonal models can also be practiced when choosing lamps for your bathroom. It is so tempting to choose compositions, layouts and intensity of light fluxes at your own discretion, guided by common sense, a sense of proportion and your own perception of beauty.

By the way, candles were and, I want to believe that there will be, an excellent embodiment of beauty in our imagination. They are the ones who can create an unforgettable romantic atmosphere. Their flickering light, combined with our favorite aromas, immerses us in blissful peace and distracts us from everyday hustle and bustle and problems. We rest and recharge with new energy for the next day.

Why should you use LED lamps?

Compared to other artificial lighting sources, LED lamps deserve the highest rating. Their superiority when organizing lighting in the bathroom is in the following points:

LED lamps are completely interchangeable with all known types of light bulbs, as they are manufactured for all types of sockets. Taking into account this fact, switching to LED lighting in a bathroom that has already undergone a major renovation will not be difficult. The temperature of the body of a high-quality LED light bulb does not exceed 80°C, and the body of the lamp itself with such a lamp remains cold or barely warm. As a result, overheating and subsequent yellowing of the ceiling sheet are eliminated. You don’t have to be afraid to use any type of spotlights. In addition to the usual standard voltage of 220 V, light sources are commercially available that are designed for a voltage of 12 V (safe for lighting rooms with high humidity). LED lamps can be produced without the use of glass and, unlike incandescent and halogen lamps, do not explode when switched on at high voltage. Based on personal taste and the color of the interior trim, you can choose LED lamps with the most suitable shade of white light. The high efficiency of light sources based on LEDs has made it possible to reduce the size of LED lamps and luminaires

Compact and at the same time bright lamps not only emphasize style, but also save space, which is important for small bathrooms.

Photo examples in interior design

Photos of interior solutions in the bathroom are available in the gallery.

You can diversify your interior using any type of lamps. However, it is important to carefully study the safety precautions during their installation and operation. The lamps in them must be resistant to temperature changes and protected from water, dust, and debris.

Children's room

A children's room is an ordinary room for you, but for a child it is a whole world. This is a bedroom, a playroom, and a work area all at once. Therefore, it is most logical to delimit specific zones with spotlights. The work area, where the child will do homework, read, draw or write, as well as the play area should be very well lit - this is where as many spotlights as possible should be concentrated. They can be placed, for example, at an angle. This option is also suitable for the living room, where the emphasis is, for example, on the recreation area. But in the place in the baby’s room where the bed is, there may be fewer light bulbs.

How to cut a hole for a lamp on a suspended ceiling

What we need:

• thermal ring
• glue
• knife
• small screwdriver

Depending on the manufacturer, tread rings can be clear or white and can be made from a variety of materials. You should not save on them; a difference of 2 rubles may later result in a replacement of the canvas. The main burden of removing heat from the lamp falls on the thermal rings.

The diameter of the ring should be selected correctly. It should not fall into the hole in the installation platform. But also, the protector ring should not be too large and extend beyond the edges of the mounting cup of the lamp. Usually the cut-in diameter is written on the box with the spot.

To fix the thermal ring on the canvas, a special glue from the cyanoacrylate group is used. For example, such as Cosmofen or even regular instant in 3g tubes.

When applying glue to the tread ring, be careful. Don't overdo it and overfill. Excesses protruding from the outside of the ring can be noticeable, especially if the diameter of the lamp just overlaps them. Whereas the glue that comes out inside is not so dangerous

It is important to position the ring correctly on the ceiling - there will be no second chance. If the ring is pressed tightly to the film, fixation occurs almost instantly

After the glue has completely dried after 3-5 minutes, check if the ring is holding well. It should be firmly and securely glued along its entire length. If there are any omissions, they must be eliminated. A drop of Cosmofen on the end of a screwdriver will help with this. You can easily remove dried glue from a screwdriver with a knife.

Then, as we are convinced of the reliability of the reinforcement of our future hole, we can move on to the next step. You need to cut the film right under the ring. You should not leave the fringe of the canvas inside. This will allow you to easily install the lamp in the future. Use only sharp knife blades!

Spotlights in the interior:

Now let's move on to specifics and use real examples to see how they can be arranged. As we have already said, a schematic picture is very different from reality, and you can see this by looking at our selection of photos.

Kitchens

Usually, the question of how to arrange lamps in the kitchen is not too complicated. The room is, as a rule, small and there is no point in placing lamps around the perimeter or in some figurative way.

Practicality is important in the kitchen, which means you just need to “blow” the lumens over the work areas: countertop and table.

There are no other functional places in the kitchen. True, if you have a large one, with an “island” and other unusual elements, then be sure to take into account their presence and do not leave it without lighting. A gloomy kitchen is a gloomy sight.

Bathroom

In the bathroom you need to illuminate the bathtub itself, the sink, and the rest is optional. In general, bathrooms are rarely particularly large, therefore, for a standard 3 - 4 squares, 5 small lamps arranged in a circle are quite enough.

Living room

Particular attention should be paid to the placement of spots in the hall, since the style and general appearance of the room directly depends on this. Spot lighting alone is not enough here, for one simple reason: it will look boring

It is better to combine spotlights with other lighting fixtures, and it is advisable to place them in tiers, in special ceiling niches, which must be done in advance, at the stage of planning the ceiling itself.

Living rooms in which zones are separated from above, using differences in the ceiling, look very interesting. For example, above the sofa there is a tier, above the dining table there is a circle with spots, etc.

Bedrooms

Spots in the bedroom are a matter of business

But in this room, more than in any other, it is important to remember about glare

If the stretch ceiling is glossy, then you shouldn’t bother with spotlights at all. For a rest room, glare is an aggressive and irritating thing that will interfere with sleep.

In this article we have covered everything and even more on this topic. We hope that after reading our material, the placement of lamps on a suspended ceiling is no longer a problem for you!

Design tips

Experienced designers will always be able to advise you on the best lighting for the bathroom. It doesn't matter what size your bathroom is.

When organizing lighting, always use common sense, and then the aesthetic component.

• A win-win option is a ceiling lamp. Some aesthetes may hang an entire crystal chandelier in their bathroom.
• Wall lamps for the bathroom amaze with their diversity. They are quite simple to use, you just need to think about placement in advance. It is advisable to place them evenly throughout the bathroom, leaving no dark areas.
• Reflective surfaces will create the effect of additional lighting.
• Emphasis on the font. If you have a bathtub, you can hang a separate chandelier above it; if you have a shower stall, then there is a hidden, autonomous lighting there.
• Choose a light spectrum that is as close to natural as possible.
• Focus on pieces of furniture. This will be facilitated by spotlights or LEDs.

Sources
_https://sovet-ingenera.com/elektrika/svetylnik/osveshhenie-v-vannoj-komnate.html _https://www.ivd.ru/stroitelstvo-i-remont/osvesenie/osveshchenie-v-vannoj-komnate- sovmeshchaem-bezopasnost-i-estetiku-48201 _https://dekor.expert/vannaya/varianty-osveshheniya/ _https://CozyBlog.ru/interery/vannaya/osveshhenie-v-vannoj-komnate.html _https://designstil. info/osveshhenie-v-vannoj/

How to correctly connect a lamp in the bathroom ↑

Often the ceiling is made of seamless plastic panels. They are attached to a wooden sheathing (or sheathing made of metal profiles). The distance from the base (concrete floor) to the sheathing should be such that the hidden part of the lamps fits there.

In those places where the installation of light sources is planned, the panels are cut with a construction knife. The holes should be of such a diameter that the uneven edges of the plastic are covered with a decorative overlay. The cable cores are connected to the terminals of the device, which is fixed to the ceiling using spring latches.

The light is fixed

Another finishing method involves the use of moisture-resistant plasterboard. This is possible in rooms with good ventilation. Drywall is attached to the sheathing at the required distance from the base. Holes are cut in it using a bit and an electric drill. They come out with smooth edges. Installation of lighting elements is carried out similarly to the method described above.

Making holes

The third finishing method is using stretch film made of polyvinyl chloride. All preparatory work is carried out in the same way as in the case of finishing the ceiling with plasterboard and plastic. But at the light installation stage you will need special plastic rings. Their diameter corresponds to the diameter of the hidden part of the body. The rings are attached to the film, which is cut through with a sharp knife

Proceed with caution: accidentally touching the film with the sharp edge of a knife can damage the ceiling. Thick plastic rings are necessary to ensure that the spring latches hold the point securely

It is advisable to install LED lamps: they practically do not heat up and are not dangerous for polyvinyl chloride film.

PVC film ceiling lamp

Installing a lamp in the bathroom can be done independently if the owner of the house is familiar with the nuances of electrical installation work and the basics of electrical engineering; if not, then it is worth inviting specialists.

Installation

The material of the ceiling covering in most cases becomes the determining criterion for choosing a lamp. If there is no overlay trim and the ceiling is a painted concrete slab, an overlay model in the form of a plate with a matte shade is best suited.

The lighting in a small bathroom will be quite intense if the lighting device is designed for two LED bulbs with a power of 7 W each.

It is installed as follows:

1. Using a drill or hammer drill, holes are made in the concrete for self-tapping screws.
2. The metal base of the lamp is applied to them and screwed to the base with self-tapping screws.
3. The electricity in the house is completely switched off using an automatic machine.
4. The electrical wire is connected to the lampshade.
5. Light bulbs are screwed in.
6. The lampshade snaps into place.
7. The electricity is turned on and the operation of the device is checked.

1. It will be more difficult to attach lighting equipment to a plasterboard base.
2. If multi-level light is installed in the bathroom, the design of the room will only benefit from this. But realizing such an idea is not so easy.

First, a lighting design plan is drawn up, then according to it, the location of the light bulbs is marked. Double-insulated wires are led to it; they are laid along a metal profile, with the help of which a frame is formed for installing drywall.

The wires are secured with ties. Before installation, holes are drilled on a sheet of plasterboard for ceiling lights of the required diameter. After attaching the sheet, wires are threaded through them, which are then stripped and connected to the terminals of the lampshade. At the final stage, a light bulb is inserted into the lamp.

The lighting of the toilet is done in the same way if plasterboard is used as a ceiling finish.

It is even more difficult to install lamps on a stretch ceiling film. Carrying out such a procedure requires professional skills and the ability to make accurate calculations.

Without going into details, the installation of lighting equipment is carried out as follows:

1. First, the frame of the lighting fixture is attached to the concrete base.
2. Then the suspended ceiling is installed.
3. Afterwards, holes are formed in the film.
4. It is connected to the frame of the device using special insulating rings (they prevent possible rupture of the film).
5. At the final stage, the light bulbs are inserted into the frame.

Note! To ensure that the canvas lasts longer and does not turn yellow when heated by lighting fixtures, you need to choose LEDs with a base for lighting the bathroom.

They do not heat up, which means that the film next to them will not lose its physical properties.

Top or ceiling level lighting

In small bathrooms, they usually make do with one lamp. It is quite enough for lighting. And if the room is larger, then it is better to install several pieces to distribute the light evenly. One is above the bathtub and the other is by the door.

Using small lamps with halogen lamps, you can create multi-position lighting (“starry sky”).

Lighting fixtures can be of different shapes: round or oval. It is important that they complement the design of the room.

Medium or working light level

The most important thing about medium lighting levels is to highlight important work areas. Usually this is a washbasin and a mirror. Install two lamps symmetrically on both sides at the top of the mirror. If it is small, then choose smaller lamps too.

This will create bright lighting that will not dazzle your eyes or create unnecessary shadows. It is important that the lighting devices are not reflected in the mirror, then your face will be clearly visible.

A great idea for a bathroom is lighting around the perimeter of the mirror. Strip LEDs, which are especially popular now, are suitable for these purposes. It is not advisable to install colored lampshades in this area.

If you have enough space for furniture in your bathroom, you can use lighting for it.

Build small light bulbs into doors, cabinets, and countertops. This will create the necessary accents in the room, elegance and a romantic mood.

Nowadays it is fashionable to illuminate the bathtub. It creates the necessary relaxing mood. But this option is not cheap and not everyone can afford it.

Don't be upset if you can't afford it. To create a more private atmosphere, sconces are also suitable. Choose one with a colored glass lampshade. Install it on the side of the bathtub, but not above it, for safety reasons.

• For a spacious bathroom, but with a slightly high ceiling, you can install a high floor lamp. This way the light will fall beautifully on the water.
• Swivel lights are also very good for mid-zone lighting. You can adjust the direction of the light yourself, where it is convenient for you.

Floor level lighting

Floor lighting is optional but not required. Its use creates a special magical atmosphere.

If you still decide to use it, then choose closed floor portholes (flashlights). Translucent lamps are also suitable for these purposes. Alternatively, you can use aromatherapy candles.

Plastic panels

One of the popular materials used for finishing ceilings is polyvinyl chloride (PVC) panels. They have their advantages and disadvantages, but the main advantage is that they allow you to embed light sources. We’ll talk about how to do this and how to arrange the lamps in this article.

Plastic is an inexpensive type of finishing for ceilings. Installation of PVC panels does not require special skills, and anyone who owns a tool can install a plastic ceiling at home with their own hands.

The range of PVC panels makes it possible to choose products to suit your taste, harmonizing with the interior of the room. The choice of plastic coverings is wide; they are available in various types:

ceiling-mounted, lightweight and elastic, but requiring careful handling during installation; wall, hard and heavy; glossy, varnished; with thermofilm decor; textured like wood, marble, etc.;

Plastic panels are made in various sizes, take this into account when purchasing materials

An important advantage of plastic is its moisture resistance; it can be easily washed by any means. Installation of plastic panels is carried out in bathrooms and toilets; they are used to decorate loggias, verandas and saunas

Plastic options are available with a beautiful coating and texture, and the panels will decorate even an expensive interior.

Plastic panels

PVC boards differ in how they decorate the surface with a pattern. Simple and economical - white, smooth, without a specific pattern and plain. Coating options of other colors and textures are available, which are applied in two ways:

1. transferring the ornament from the thermal film base to the PVC panel, this method is simple and economical;
2. direct printing, allowing you to obtain a high-resolution design with a rich color gamut. It is done on special equipment.

What to consider when choosing devices?

In the process of creating a design project, it is necessary to select the optimal model of the lamp, taking into account the characteristics of the room, the design and texture of the finishing materials.

For example, built-in models are not suitable for arranging a bathroom with a ceiling made of a monolithic concrete slab. In this case, it is better to use overhead fixtures or ceiling fixtures in the form of chandeliers.

In an effort to create a stylish interior and a comfortable environment, special attention must be paid to the choice of lighting equipment. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the design, characteristics, dimensions, lamp power, methods of mounting the electrical appliance and the need for additional structural elements

When arranging a spacious room, designers advise focusing on traditional lighting solutions that will fit perfectly into the interior

If the bathroom is large, then a beautiful chandelier will look organic. But spot models, correctly and evenly distributed throughout the ceiling space, will allow you to create a stylish interior that takes into account current trends.

When choosing lamps, the following factors must be taken into account:

• room area and distance between lamps;
• zoning of the room, the need to highlight separate areas;
• instrument level;
• interior style direction;
• color scheme of walls, floors, furniture and plumbing;
• the presence of mirrors, tension structures, ceramic tiles and other surfaces that reflect light.

Before you begin installation work, you need to think through the layout of the light sources and the nuances of cable routing. Some models offered by manufacturers in the assortment require the creation of special conditions.

The quality of products directly affects their service life. Expensive branded models of built-in or surface-mounted lamps compare favorably with cheaper ones. They are of higher quality, wear-resistant, and therefore retain their aesthetic appearance for a long time.

In an effort to create a stylish and original interior in the bathroom, we must not forget about safety. Electrical devices intended for installation in rooms with high humidity must have a maximum degree of protection, which corresponds to the IP65 marking.

The bathroom is divided into zones with different humidity levels. The bright blue area is exposed to maximum splash water.

When arranging rooms with high humidity levels, certain rules must be followed.

The following recommendations will help you organize safe room lighting:

• You can only use moisture-resistant electrical appliances with a degree of protection of IP24;
• in areas of high humidity, install low-voltage devices up to 12 V;
• use lighting devices of protection class 2 near the bathtub or shower stall;
• it is desirable that all metal parts are made of stainless steel or have anti-corrosion properties;
• Light bulbs and other heated parts of electrical appliances must be equipped with protective covers or shades.

You should also remember about the features and properties of light rays. So, next to the washbasin it is better to use lamps with a softer yellow light. Otherwise, the mirror will reflect rather pale skin, which will prevent you from applying makeup correctly.

Our recommended article will familiarize you with the rules for choosing color temperature and the nomenclature designations of lighting devices, which allow you to select an LED light bulb in accordance with this important characteristic. Proper lighting should be bright, soft and diffused

This will highlight the colors of the interior elements and finishing materials and create a cozy atmosphere.

Proper lighting should be bright, soft and diffused. This will highlight the colors of the interior elements and finishing materials and create a cozy atmosphere.

For a bathroom with dimensions of 5x2 m, 2 lamps of 60 W are sufficient. You can use 2 lamps spaced on the sides, but in this case the mirror will require additional lighting. You can get acquainted with guidelines for selecting lighting devices for the bathroom in an informative article, the content of which is entirely devoted to this issue.

Features of built-in and overhead models

There is a wide range of lamps of different designs on the market. They can be attached to the base of the ceiling or above its level, regardless of the type - plasterboard, tension, slatted.

Depending on the mounting method, devices are divided into three types:

• invoices;
• mortise or built-in;
• semi-mortise.

Mortise ones differ in depth parameters. Therefore, when choosing, you should take into account the distance to which the ceiling in the room is lowered. The size of the space behind the ceiling structure is at least 40 mm. For individual lighting systems, it is necessary to lower the pendant systems by 85-100 mm, which is unacceptable for a bathroom with a low ceiling.

To achieve ideal bathroom lighting and create a comfortable environment in a small room, you need to choose the right electrical lighting fixtures

Built-in equipment has light directed downwards, so it does not cover the entire surface of the ceiling. And spot lighting illuminates the space locally, allowing you to create dim lighting in the bathroom.

This is the best option for rooms in which lamps and suspended ceilings will look ideal. They allow the apartment owner to create an original interior design by investing a minimum of money.

Built-in electrical appliances look stylish and are ideal for interior design in a minimalist style. Despite their simple design, they emit a sufficient amount of bright light

Overhead light sources have their own nuances when installed in a room with a suspended ceiling. It will be necessary to use hangers so that the fabric covering or film does not sag during operation.

Such models will look impressive and stylish in a modern interior. They leave bright highlights on glossy, textured, mirror and shiny materials.

The range of overhead lamps is very wide. Consumers can purchase compact globe light bulbs, luxurious chandeliers, and appliances with frosted or colored glass bases

The technical part of the semi-mortise device is installed in the inner part of the ceiling, and the lampshade is located outside.

For their installation, space is required behind the ceiling structure. In this case, the light is directed perpendicular to the plane and scattered throughout the room, which allows the use of more powerful light bulbs.

Semi-mortise models have the advantages of mortise and overhead models. They are relatively inexpensive, look aesthetically pleasing, create soft lighting and a cozy atmosphere

Which lamps are best to use in the bathroom ↑

Incandescent lamps are gradually becoming a thing of history. The reason is not only their high energy consumption: during operation they become very hot, which is dangerous for plastic. High temperatures cause it to turn yellow and a fire is possible. The dimensions are also not in their favor, because of which they have to lower the suspended ceiling sheathing low.

Compact energy-saving fluorescent lamps heat up less, but their high cost is not justified by their service life.

The variety of shapes allows you to choose an option for any interior

Halogen devices are a glass bulb with an incandescent filament placed in it. Inside the flask there are bromine or iodine vapors that prevent the tungsten filament from burning out. This increases the service life of halogen lamps.

LED lamps are assembled on the basis of LEDs - semiconductor devices. They do not heat up, which means they are the most economical and optimally suited for the bathroom. They are currently the most expensive, but as demand increases, the price goes down.

LED dots are the most economical

It is preferable to use lamps operating on reduced voltage. To do this, a 220/12 V step-down transformer is installed under the suspended ceiling. The power of the transformer is selected in accordance with the total power of all lamps (plus some reserve is needed).

Installation is recommended using a step-down transformer

Types of lamps

Halogen – suitable for low-mounted recessed luminaires.

Halogen Philips H7

These lamps save energy. Their service life is 3-5 times longer than that of conventional ones.

It is not recommended to install in lamps without protective glass.

LED lamps have an aesthetic appearance and a strict design. These lamps are compact and have low energy consumption. Suitable for miniature models. Its service life is 10 times longer than that of conventional lamps.

LED bulbs

How to correctly calculate the required number of lamps

Before making the correct selection of the number of lamps for the room, you need to decide on the type of light sources used. Their number will depend on this.

To perform the calculation you will need the following data:

• room area;
• type of lighting sources installed in the room;
• the presence of windows in the room and their installation location;
• methods for zoning room area;
• interior design, as well as the purpose of the room.

An example of calculating the number of light sources is given in the table.

For a room with an area of ​​about 20 square meters, you will need approximately 10-13 light sources. To ensure a more convenient arrangement of lamps, it is recommended to select an even number of lamps.

It is better to choose more light sources, since spotlights emit soft lighting, it will not harm a person.

No. 4. The need for ceiling lighting

As already mentioned, one source of lighting is not enough even in the smallest bathroom. The function of general lighting is usually performed by ceiling lamps, which must be present in the bathroom. So, for ordinary ceilings it is better to choose a chandelier, and for pendant ceilings you can use recessed lamps. It is also worth considering the height of the room, and do not place long chandeliers in low rooms. An excellent option is a spotlight lamp , the direction of the light of which can be adjusted to obtain a sufficient level of illumination in any area of ​​the room.

The shape, design and color of lighting fixtures can be very different, and here the choice should be based on personal preferences, the design of the room, but not forgetting about functionality.

Position light sources

Before placing lamps in the bathroom, it is recommended to determine the number of functional spaces. The wide rooms have several levels.

• wash areas with a sink and mirror are designed;
• area for water treatments with shower or jacuzzi;
• space for changing clothes and placing things.

Small built-in lamps with a gentle light also illuminate furniture structures - shelves, cabinets, cabinets.

The location of lighting fixtures at the ceiling level depends on the size of the room

It is important to calculate the dimensions of the room in order to determine the best layout, but which arrangement is more harmonious will also depend on the design solution. Lighting can be represented by 1 lampshade or a complex combination of lamps of different types

Combining lighting systems at different levels is popular. The basic principles of bathroom design involve lighting the work area, which includes a mirror, washbasin, and shelves.

Preference is for unobtrusive soft light. Lower lighting often serves as interior decoration. Such lamps are placed 40 cm from the floor or on the lower surface and under interior items. It is possible to place light sources on the steps and under the podium.

Washbasin and mirror lighting

The middle level includes the installation of lighting fixtures above the bathroom mirror and washbasin. The requirements for the devices are to create natural light, a clear image on the glass surface - without distortion or shadows.

Experts recommend hiding lighting fixtures in white or matte lampshades so that the radiation is soft and diffuse.

The optimal arrangement of devices is on the sides of the mirror or along the perimeter. Any type of lamp can be installed. It is better to avoid devices under the mirror, because... they create glare on surfaces.

Bathroom vanity and mirror lighting

Shower or bath lighting

The shower or bath area requires additional lighting to create a cozy atmosphere. Specially designed luminaires for wet environments are suitable.

The structures can be designed in the form of sconces. Lamps are also placed in the center or spotlights are mounted in rows. The system of overhead lamps will help to visually expand the space and increase the level of illumination.

Bath lighting

What not to do

There are prohibitions for the entire premises and for its individual zones.

Restrictions according to GOSTs and SNiPs

Prohibited activities are listed in local regulations. These lists may differ in different regions, but basically they are the same. For Moscow, Resolution No. 508 PP applies. According to this document, it is prohibited to lay grooves in reinforced concrete slabs and interpanel joints. Channels can be laid in the finishing or under a suspended ceiling or plasterboard sheathing of a metal frame.

Some restrictions are introduced by GOSTs and SNiPs. Technical standards prohibit open wiring. You can only use a triple wire with a phase, neutral and protective conductor. Each of them must be in its own protective shell. All three wires are connected together under an additional layer of insulation. The use of metal coating without insulation is not permitted. For laying, corrugated or plastic pipes should be used. Metal ones cannot be used. If the cable is damaged, such a coating will not be able to protect against electric shock. The use of electrical tape is not permitted.

There is no need to skimp on communications. It is better to take a thicker section so that the core does not burn out under intense loads. Typically, an aluminum cable with a cross-section of 4 mm2 or a copper cable with a cross-section of 2.5 mm2 is used. You cannot combine copper and aluminum - this will lead to a reaction between them.

It is prohibited to place switches, electrical panels and distribution boxes in the bathroom. Sockets and all devices must have a residual current device (RCD). There are special models for wet rooms. All equipment must be grounded. To minimize the risk, even a bathtub can be grounded if it is made of steel or cast iron.

Under no circumstances should you do grounding yourself by connecting a wire to a heating radiator or water pipe. This can be dangerous to life and health.

According to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, any changes that require inclusion in the technical passport and BTI plan require the creation of design documentation. Only an engineering organization with SRO approval can draw up a project. Documentation must be approved by government authorities. The installation of lighting, as a rule, cannot be classified as a refurbishment, but it may be part of a plan that requires a number of changes to be made to the layout and energy supply of the apartment.

To avoid mistakes, everything must be carefully planned and calculated before starting work. To avoid getting an electric shock, you should work with the electricity turned off.

Restrictions for individual zones

Lighting in a small bathroom, as well as in a spacious room, depends on areas with different degrees of humidity. Four sections can be distinguished:

• The space above the bathtub, as well as inside the shower stall, where there is especially a lot of water and steam, and the humidity concentration is the highest. Here you can install lamps with a power of up to 12 W with a protection index of IP 674 or more. This parameter is always indicated on the packaging or in the instructions. The first number indicates the degree of protection against dirt. It ranges from 1 to 6. The second shows how well the product is protected from water and steam. The maximum value is 8. At this level, it can be immersed in liquid for a long time. The last number is impact resistance. It ranges from 0 to 10.
• The space adjacent to the sink and shower stall and other plumbing fixtures. Drops of water may reach here. You can use lamps with a power of up to 24 W and a degree of protection IP 452.
• An area located at a distance of 50 cm from the sink and other appliances. There are no power restrictions here anymore. The index must be at least IP 242.
• The last section is everything that comes next. Drops usually don't reach here. Moisture enters here in the form of steam and condensate. Devices with an IP rating of 011 and higher are used in this area.

This zoning applies regardless of the presence of a hood. It is suitable for separate and combined bathrooms.