Pumps for pumping water from a dry floor surface overview and characteristics

When water is supplied to the consumer from a centralized pipeline with low pressure, the owners have to deal with the difficulties that arise on their own. Often, problems associated with low pressure are solved by purchasing a special pump from a retail chain that increases the pressure in the water supply.

Selecting the required booster pump from a number of models of domestic and foreign production requires certain knowledge of its design and preliminary calculations. Many users, in order to save money, install an electric booster pump with their own hands - although the work is not particularly difficult, it requires certain skills and compliance with installation technology.

Rice. 1 Pump increasing the pressure in the water supply system in operation

Types of pumps

Pumps for drinking water and dirty water

Pumps for industrial water

Divided into two types:

fecal type;
drainage type.

However, drainage pumps are capable of pumping liquids with large solid elements. Therefore, in order not to damage the unit, a filter with a fine mesh is attached to the pipe. This will prevent large waste from getting inside the unit. This type of pump is universal and can be used not only for basements and cellars. It is used when cleaning dirty swimming pools, artificially created reservoirs, and wells.

This is not the case with a fecal pump. It is not intended for pumping liquids containing solids. Some models of such devices may have a cutting mechanism for shredding large debris.

Submersible pump “Baby”

A representative of this type of pumping equipment is the “Malysh” submersible pump.
The pump is immersed in water, and it should not lie on the bottom, since it takes in liquid with the lower part, and at the bottom there are silty deposits that can clog it. The device does not require special cooling of the electric motor elements because the waste materials themselves have a low temperature. The device may be equipped with a circuit breaker. So, when the liquid reaches a specific point, using a float, the device is disconnected from the network. If the maximum level of wastewater is exceeded, the unit starts working again.

The Baby's body is equipped with reliable waterproofing. If the seal of the housing is broken, water can enter the engine and damage it. Therefore, you need to periodically remove the device from the water and check the integrity of the housing.

Submersible and external pumps

Principle of operation

These types, depending on the methods of work, are divided into submersible and external. The operation of a submersible pump involves its complete immersion in water.

These pumps must meet the following requirements:

resistance to chemicals;
to corrosive formations;

External pumps are only partially lowered into the liquid; the main part of the device is on the surface of the water. Basically, these devices are mobile, but less powerful than the submersible type, which helps save energy.

Installation of automation

To install automation on a pump, you need to know how to connect the components correctly. The diagram may differ for different blocks, and its features are most often found in the accompanying documentation for the block. As an example, we can consider the installation of the first generation system, since it is the simplest.

First, you should put an “American” (special fitting) on the thread of the hydraulic accumulator, so that you can then connect a tee to it. It is also useful for conveniently replacing components, since the fitting is easily removed. A sensor for adjusting and measuring pressure must be installed in the thread of the tee.

All connections should be sealed with fum tape to prevent leakage and pressure loss. Next, one end of the pipe needs to be secured to the hydraulic accumulator, and the other to the pump.

The pipe with the pump should be laid on a flat surface. You need to thread a 3 m long fall insurance cable into the loops on the device body, then attach it and the power cable to the pipe at intervals of 150 cm. The second part of the cable needs to be hooked next to the well.

Example of installation of a submersible pump Source dovidkam.com

Features of external pumps

These devices are designed for periodic pumping of water.
Their prolonged use puts a lot of stress on the mechanism, which leads to breakdown. Liquid intake occurs through flexible hoses. In this way, it is possible to pump out liquids up to eleven meters deep. Moreover, the presence of large particles up to ten millimeters in water is acceptable.

Centrifugal type unit design

The unit has a pump chamber and a motor compartment. The rotor (shaft) connects the working compartment and the engine. The shaft contains wheels with blades designed to pump liquid and maintain high line pressure. This pump is easy to install. The body is mainly made of polymer or stainless steel.

Manufacturers of these pumps are such global brands as Gardena, Pedrollo, Karcher, Dab. There are also domestic manufacturers - Gileks and Sprut. The most popular brand of devices for pumping out dirty water is Pedrollo Pkm60. This model is capable of maintaining pressure up to forty meters, as well as pumping up to two thousand liters of water in 1 hour. Equipped with a cast iron body.

We should also highlight the OPTIMA JET 80S-PL pump, which has established itself as the best among the owners of country houses. The case is made of steel and has a power of up to eight hundred watts. Maintains pressure at a distance of up to thirty-three meters. Capable of pumping water up to 3 cubic meters. m/hour.

Centrifugal units

The housing of centrifugal pumps can be monolithic or cantilever.
The top of the device performs a protective function, and the work area is located at the bottom. The chamber contains impellers with an impeller in a circle. There is a filter with a mesh under the wheels. There is a stand on the bottom of the device. They have a throughput capacity of no more than two to two and a half centimeters. The following brands of submersible pumps are Aquatica, Grudfos, Gilex, Metabo, Sturm.

The most common is the Aosta AB SMP 400SS DO pump, which has a power of up to four hundred watts. The unit has an auxiliary discharge connection. Automated operation occurs through a float switch. Can work at a depth of up to five meters. Withstands water pressure at a distance of up to ten meters. Capable of pumping liquids up to 298 l/min.

You can also highlight the domestic pump Drainage 200/25, produced by the company Gilex.

Vibration units

The liquid is pumped through the oscillating movements of the resonator. Centrifugal devices are represented by dynamic devices, and vibrating devices are volumetric devices.

The working chamber of such devices has a membrane that serves as a closure to the engine compartment. It is fixed on a metal rod. The engine here is replaced by a capacitor, which attracts liquid during the working process.

At the same time, the working chamber expands, and water is drawn in through a vacuum. When the chamber narrows, the liquid is pushed into the pipe and the inlet is closed using an inverse valve. This ensures water supply without jerking. In terms of productivity, this type is inferior to the centrifugal one.

Water pumps of both submersible and surface types are quite expensive. So, for periodic use, it is not always advisable to purchase an expensive electric pump. The best option here would be to purchase a hand pump. This device is made like a pneumatic hand pump. Here the piston represents the working element.

When the handle is lifted upward, the rod and cylinder are tightened. In this case, the chamber is filled with rarefied air and water begins to be absorbed. When the handle is turned down, the pressure increases and the liquid closes the valve in the suction hole and all water under pressure is discharged through the pipe.

Naturally, in terms of functional characteristics, a manual type device cannot compete with electric devices, but in terms of ease of operation it can compete with electric models.

Installing a booster pump

All small-sized booster pumps are installed in a pipeline gap, so their inlet and outlet pipes are located on the same line. The models differ only in the installation distance between the fittings and their diameter; the connecting pipes in the vast majority of cases are of the American type. Technically, if you have the appropriate plumbing equipment for soldering or crimping threaded fittings, installing a booster pump is not particularly difficult and consists of the following procedures:

In an easily accessible place, cut out a section of pipe from the pipeline equal in length to the installation size of the unit.
If the pipeline is metal, threads are cut at the ends of the cut pipes, an adapter from polymer to metal is soldered into the polypropylene one, and threaded fittings with external threads are pressed into the metal-plastic one for the American pump.
Next, a pump is installed to increase the pressure in the pipe rupture in accordance with the operating instructions; it is often screwed to the threaded pipes with American union nuts.

Rice. 13 Connection diagrams for booster pumps

Connection diagram - recommendations

When determining the location for the optimal location of the pump, it is guided by the following considerations:

For the correct operation of household appliances such as a boiler, washing machine or dishwasher, the pump is placed directly in front of them.
If the house has a storage tank located in the attic, pumping is installed at its outlet.
As with the installation of circulation units, if the electric pump fails or is removed for repair and maintenance work, a bypass with a locking ball valve should be placed parallel to it.
When installing a pump in apartment buildings, there is a high probability of leaving residents in the riser without water, sharply increasing the volume of its consumption when pumping is turned on. In this situation, it is necessary to provide for the placement of storage tanks in the apartment, which are more practical to hang from the ceiling.
Many people, when installing more powerful units in a line, do not get the desired result indicated in the passport data. Not knowing the laws of hydrodynamics, they do not take into account the increased hydraulic losses in the pipeline when the volume of pumped liquid increases - to reduce them it is necessary to change the pipes to a larger diameter.

Rice. 14 Installation of booster pumps in the internal water supply

Boost electric pumps are usually installed in apartments or private houses when using public water supply networks, the services of which do not fulfill their obligations to create working pressure in the system. Standard household units with a wet rotor increase pressure by 0.9 atm on average; to obtain a higher figure, it is necessary to install a centrifugal electric pump, pumping station or installation with frequency control of the impeller rotation speed (the best, but too expensive option) in the system.

Recommendations for use

In order for the pump for pumping out dirty water to work without interruptions and frequent breakdowns, it is necessary to follow certain rules for its use. This also includes the conditions that must be created when operating the drainage pump.

The ambient temperature in which the self-priming pump for dirty water operates should not exceed 40°.
The density of the liquid for pumping out which self-priming drainage pumps are used should not exceed 1000–1200 kg/m3.
The amount of solid inclusions in the liquid medium that the drainage pump will pump out should not exceed 10%.
Industrial hydraulic machines for contaminated water are connected to a three-phase electrical network with a voltage of 380 V, household models - to a single-phase one (with a voltage of 220 V and a frequency of 50 Hz).

How to choose the right model

Among the models of drainage pumps for dirty water, how to choose the best option? When purchasing a pump for pumping water from a basement or cellar, you should first decide on the list of tasks for which such equipment will be used. We list the parameters by which drainage, as well as well or borehole electric pumps are selected.

Characteristics of the pumped liquid

This refers to its type, degree of contamination, as well as the maximum particle size of solid inclusions contained in its composition. In particular, the diameters of the inlet and pressure pipes of the selected pump, as well as the volume of its internal working chamber, depend on this characteristic.

The stainless steel mesh filter is reliable and durable

Performance

This parameter characterizes the volume of liquid that the pump is capable of pumping per unit of time. You should focus on the degree of intensity with which you plan to use the pumping equipment, as well as the amount of dirty water that it will have to pump out.

Created pressure

This parameter determines the degree of contamination of the liquid that a pump of a certain model can pump out from a cellar or basement, and the distance over which the pumped liquid will be transported along a horizontal section of the pipeline or hose. The depth from which such equipment can pump out a liquid medium also depends on the pressure value created by the electric pump. If you are thinking about how to pump water from a well or borehole and ensure its transportation through an irrigation or water supply system, consider not only the depth of the underground source and the total length of the horizontal section of the pipeline, but also the height to which the water pumped must be raised above the surface of the earth.

Ease of use will also be an important criterion for choosing a pump. For example, easy adjustment of the pumping level by moving the sensor or quick connection of the pressure hose

Location of the inlet pipe

The inlet pipe can be located at the top or bottom of the pump housing, as well as on its side. In the event that the selected hydraulic machine is planned to be used for pumping liquid media from flooded cellars or basements, preference should be given to models with a lower nozzle location. If, with the help of a drainage pump, water will be pumped out of silted reservoirs, it is better to choose equipment with an upper location of this element.

Availability of additional options

If you are interested in purchasing a really good drainage pump, it is better to opt for models that are equipped with all the necessary automation elements. This includes, in particular, idle and overheat sensors, as well as float-type switches. In this case, you need to know the following fact: while floatless drainage pumps can be selected for pumping water from basements, trenches or cellars, it is not recommended to use them for pumping liquid media from wells, septic tanks or cesspools.

If you do not take into account the prestige of the manufacturer, the cost of drainage pumps is significantly influenced by their performance and the ability to pump liquids with large solid particles

Compact pumping stations for domestic use

For the uninterrupted and efficient functioning of autonomous water supply systems for dachas and private houses in automatic mode, compact pumping stations have recently been increasingly used. The use of such stations, which include several technical devices, makes it possible to minimize human participation in controlling the operation of pumping equipment due to automation elements. The compact dimensions of household pumping stations for pumping water, which, despite their small size, are characterized by high performance and are capable of creating good pressure in the pipeline system, allow such equipment to be installed in any convenient place, including in the basement of a residential building.

The household pumping station includes the following technical devices:

submersible centrifugal pump that pumps water from an underground source;
a filtration unit in which water from an underground source is purified from solid inclusions;
a circulation pump designed to pump water from the filter unit to the station’s hydraulic accumulator;
a hydraulic accumulator, the internal chamber of which, filled with water, is equipped with a special membrane (the task of this device is to maintain constant pressure of the liquid medium in the autonomous water supply system, as well as to provide this system with water in those moments when the station pump does not work due to a breakdown or lack of power).

Automatic pumping station for individual water supply systems and small garden plots

The operation of a household pumping station in automatic mode is ensured by a pressure switch, which automatically turns off the pumping equipment if the level of water pressure in the accumulator rises to a critical level, and also turns it on when such pressure drops below the permissible value.

Mini-pumps are actively used not only in everyday life, but also in industry, in particular in food industry enterprises. To pump liquid and viscous media used in technological processes at enterprises in this industry, special food pumps are needed, the structural elements of which are made of materials that are highly resistant to oxidation and do not release harmful substances into the pumped medium.

Where to buy water pump and accessories

Water pumps, as well as intake hoses, motor pumps, check valves, fittings and other accessories for pumps can be purchased in the Leroy Merlin online store. There is a huge assortment and a wide price range so that every buyer can choose the best option. We offer pumps at low prices, which are characterized by high quality, reliability and durability. Our experienced online consultants are always ready to answer all your questions and help you with your choice.

Leroy Merlin offers a wide selection of goods at low prices for residents of Moscow, as well as the cities of the Moscow region: Balashikha, Podolsk, Khimki, Korolev, Mytishchi, Lyubertsy, Krasnogorsk, Elektrostal, Kolomna, Odintsovo, Domodedovo, Serpukhov, Shchelkovo, Orekhovo-Zuevo, Ramenskoye , Dolgoprudny, Zhukovsky, Pushkino, Reutov, Sergiev Posad, Voskresensk, Lobnya, Klin, Ivanteevka, Dubna, Yegoryevsk, Chekhov, Dmitrov, Vidnoye, Stupino, Pavlovsky Posad, Naro-Fominsk, Fryazino, Lytkarino, Dzerzhinsky and Solnechnogorsk. You can order the necessary goods online with delivery to all these cities or visit one of our retail stores in Moscow and Moscow Region.

Overview of possible options

A pool in the basement, garden or home should ensure the safety of swimmers. Therefore, the presence of blooming water in the bowl that does not meet the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards should under no circumstances be allowed. To prevent problems and timely cleaning of the walls of the bowl, water is periodically pumped out of the pool using various pumps.

1. Immersion format – a combination of simple design and impressive functionality

Using submersible pumping equipment for his pool, the developer will be able to pump water through a grate located in his body. Using the equipment is very simple - it is placed on the bottom of the pool and the motor is started, after which the water is pumped and supplied upward. The device is used not only for pools, but also for draining wells, cesspools, basements and cellars.

Among the advantages of the pump, it is worth highlighting its prevalence, light weight, compact dimensions and affordability. The disadvantages also cannot be ignored. They are represented by limited performance.

2. Surface pump – ease of use and high power

If for some reason the developer does not consider the possibility of using submersible equipment, he still has the option of using a surface pump. It has a completely different format. The equipment is placed above the surface of the water surface, and a special flank connected to the body is lowered into a bowl of water. When the equipment motor is started, water begins to be pumped out of the tank.

Types of automatic systems

Most submersible well pumps on the market today are based on two automation principles:

Application of hydropneumatic system;
Use of electronic components.

simpler hydraulic accumulator system is a combination of a reservoir (hydraulic accumulator) and one or more relays, which allows you to regulate the fluid pressure in a pipeline or hose system.

The electronic automatic system allows you to achieve significantly higher efficiency, since digital mini-units are installed directly into pipelines, or even into the device body (for example, Grundfos). However, the accuracy of adjustment and high service capabilities dictate a significantly higher cost of the entire system as a whole.

On the one hand, a well pump with automatic pneumatic type costs much less. On the other hand, it has much lower productivity and accuracy of water supply adjustment.

Review of models and manufacturers

The selection of equipment begins with an inspection of how much a particular model costs.

But it is important to pay attention to the manufacturer. Here are several options for water pumping/pumping equipment that are deservedly popular:

A water jet is equipment designed for pumping flows from a well/borehole. The throughput of insoluble inclusions is low, price starts from $80
Baby - a design ideal for summer cottages. Low performance affects the low price (from $40).
A brook is a device for supplying water from wells and wells of medium depth. Unpretentiousness to the percentage of contamination, excellent performance, ease of installation and lightness of the device are complemented by low cost (from $30), but the service life is no more than 3-5 years.
The Gilex model range is equipment intended for domestic use in both water supply and sewerage systems. Excellent practical qualities, work with different depths, unpretentiousness to contamination, a very long service life and good maintainability are clear advantages of the brand. Equipment cost from $200
Belamos - models are used for supplying clean drinking water and irrigation. They have a built-in control unit, which makes the units easier to use, and can operate in manual, automatic and scheduled modes. There is also a filter to improve the quality of the supplied flow, overload protection, productivity up to 2800 l/hour, supply depth up to 8 meters. Price from 150 $
Gardena is a brand of highly reliable equipment. Universal devices are able to cope with the supply of liquid without interruptions to high floors, be used for irrigation and at the same time are unpretentious to contamination, as they are equipped with a high-quality filter. Power up to 4000 l/hour, readiness for use immediately after purchase, the presence of 2 outlets for a hose (for irrigation and supply of drinking water), a low noise threshold and a drainage tube for draining liquid add advantages to the device. Price from 120 $
Aquarius is an ideal pump for wells up to 45 meters deep. The reliability of the unit is confirmed by the execution of parts made of brass and stainless steel, there is a thermal relay, as well as complete immunity to power supply fluctuations (performance will decrease, but the device will not break). Silent operation is also a plus, but it is better to use the unit on clean flows. Price from 120 $
Vortex – pumps for deep wells (from 60 meters). Chrome parts, a durable body, a pressure of up to 100 meters and a price from $100 are the advantages of the unit. But energy consumption up to 1100 W is a drawback. However, the presence of overheating protection functions, smooth running, high pressure, and high-quality assembly exceed the disadvantages.

All presented models from the Russian manufacturer have unique features - they are adapted to power outages, are resistant to mechanical stress and are easy to install. For users who prefer more expensive units, there are alternative options:

The Grundfos model range is an offer from German manufacturers. The company produces equipment for supplying and pumping liquids from wells, boreholes, and reservoirs. The devices are equipped with sensors for overheating, overload, protection against dry running and voltage surges. Such functionality significantly extends the life of the devices, but raises the price to $150. However, no matter how much the units cost, they deserve their price - the brand, according to consumers, is considered a leader in its field.
Unipump is a brand of equipment indicated for use in wells with a high content of insoluble inclusions (up to 100 g/m3). Supply height up to 52 meters, productivity up to 4.8 m3/hour. There is overheating protection, soft start, and automatic operation, but you will have to be careful when using it if the liquid is very hard. Price starts from $110, efficiency and noiselessness are advantages, but a weak network drive is a disadvantage of the equipment.

A preliminary analysis of the needs, the design of the water intake source, determination of the length of the flow supply and the functional features of the water supply will allow not only to choose a good quality device, but also to correctly determine exactly how many pumps will be required for the uninterrupted supply of water to a house, farm or suburban area.

Tips for selection and application

Before choosing a pressure regulator, you should understand how high the water supply is required, since the standard pressure is from 1.5 to 3 atm, and to supply water for every 5 m you need to add another 0.5 atm to this figure. Therefore, for the 2nd floor the minimum pressure will be from 2 to 3.5 atm.

You should also install a block on the pump that prevents damage from voltage surges. It also acts as a stabilizer for the current power supplied to the system. At critical values, the protection will turn off the power, and if the indicators are slightly different, but are not limiting, then it equalizes the voltage.

Before you start using the automation and pump, it is recommended to carefully configure all parameters, since they may be different for each well. Also, the settings depend on the presence of a hydraulic accumulator and its volume.