How a septic tank works: from cesspools to technological VOCs

23.11.2018

When installing a septic tank, experts always report that the key to a long service life is proper care. To avoid having to call specialists in an emergency, you need to remember to check the functionality of the device. Equipment in a private house allows you to get all the advantages of the city's civilization. Other sewerage equipment options will be less effective. They often give off an unpleasant odor. Therefore, a septic tank in a private house is an ideal solution. One of the disadvantages of using them is the need to independently ensure that drains are cleaned and waste is pumped out on time.

The alarm went off

The turning on of the alarm lamp on the lid of the septic tank indicates that the receiving chamber is overfilled, which usually occurs due to malfunctions in the operation of Topas, or a malfunction of the alarm itself.

Solution Stop using the sewer. Open the lid of the septic tank, inspect it and continue reading this material. There is a lot of useful information here.

Self-production or ready-made design?

When the answer to the question - sewage septic tank for a private house, what is it - has already been received, the user is faced with the next task. Buy a ready-made tank, or make it yourself. The first option is simpler, but requires significant costs. The second method is more labor-intensive; it requires time and considerable effort. However, many users prefer homemade septic tanks, since the main part of the work - installation and installation - is necessary in any case. Therefore, if you have the skills and necessary materials, it is quite possible to independently assemble a system for cleaning household organic waste.

The hazard warning light periodically comes on and then goes off.

If you use the Topas system in normal mode, not a lot of waste flows, and the lamp on the lid sometimes lights up and goes out after a while, this indicates a decrease in the performance of the main mamut pump in the receiving chamber. Due to blockage or insufficient air supply, the amount of pumped waste is reduced, causing a short-term overflow of the receiving chamber and the lamp operating.

Solution Clean the overflow assembly and check the air supply.

Pros and cons of septic tanks without pumping

The construction of treatment facilities requires careful design and precise execution, otherwise all sorts of troubles are guaranteed. But a properly designed drive during operation provides the user with a number of advantages:

1. There are no unpleasant odors from sewerage on the site.
2. There is no need to often call sewage disposal equipment, since almost the entire volume of wastewater passing through the sewer system is technologically neutralized.
3. The risk of soil contamination is significantly reduced, since the degree of disinfection is very high. However, you must comply with the requirements for removing septic tank elements without pumping from sources of drinking water - wells and wells.
4. The duration of use of treatment facilities can be tens of years.

However, for septic tanks without pumping there are specific disadvantages that may affect their performance:

1. Before choosing the design of a sewerage facility, it is necessary to study the nature of the soils on the site. There are situations when installing your own treatment system is completely impossible, for example, if at the installation site there are dense clay soil substrates that prevent filtration.
2. The treatment system must be properly designed taking into account the slopes of the connecting pipes.
3. It is necessary to ensure 100% tightness of the entire system, taking into account seasonal soil movements. In this case, it is preferable to use solid-body systems made of plastic.

Sewage without pumping after a year.

The negative aspects in the use of such elements are very significant and require increased attention, but they do not at all indicate the impossibility of their use.

If all calculations are carried out correctly and the project is executed exactly, problems with the use of VOCs will not arise for 25-30 years.

Dirty water leaving the septic tank

During normal operation of Topas, purified water from the septic tank should not have any color and in appearance it is no different from water from the tap. If the water at the outlet is brown, this may be due to a high concentration of activated sludge in the aeration tank. If maintenance is not done on time, then there is too much silt and it leaves along with the purified water, giving it a brown or black color. In this case, it is necessary to carry out service and the problem will be resolved. It also makes sense to check the performance of the recirculation airlift located in the aeration tank.

The color of purified water can be affected by improper use of the treatment plant, for example, the discharge of large amounts of household chemicals due to a lack of fecal waste, the ingress of petroleum products, and chlorine-containing preparations. But here, in addition to the color of the water, 99% of the unpleasant smell will be added. In this case, a restart of the septic tank is required (maintenance with pumping out all contents with a sewage disposal machine).

Solution Service is required.

Correct installation is the basis for stable operation

Some septic tank users notice that they carefully use the system, do not drain aggressive compounds, and pump out wastewater on time. Despite all their efforts, their system still fails. The reason for this turns out to be incorrect installation.

Installation affects not only the environmental situation on the site, but also the operation. Therefore, you should not organize a sewer system yourself without having the necessary skills and knowledge for this.

Only professionals who have been working with septic tanks for a long time know the nuances:

• ♻️ Choosing a place. Not every area on the site allows it to be used for a septic tank. It is necessary to measure the distance to the nearest source of drinking water, to the foundation of the house and other objects.
• ♻️ Check the soil type and its condition.
• ♻️ Selecting the type of septic tank and materials.

During the installation process, the craftsmen see the “weak points” on your site and build the system so that it does not cause inconvenience during operation. They will advise site owners on how to properly use this type of sewer system.

Not all owners of septic installations take seriously how to work with an autonomous sewer system. This is an important issue, as it concerns not only the convenience of waste disposal, but also the health of all users. Compliance with the standards established by manufacturers and craftsmen guarantees a long period of use in a safe manner.

Clean water does not come out into the drain

Solution Check the clean water drain line for blockages or freezing. The water exit must be unobstructed. If your Topas is equipped with a drainage pump (modification PR), check its operation from an external outlet. Check to see if the pump float is touching the walls of the chamber in which it is installed.

When should you clean your plumbing?

baths. Sinks are the least dirty, bathtubs are the most dirty, and bidets, toilets and urinals are the most dirty. Therefore, plumbing care primarily concerns these products. The main reasons are the same as in a city apartment or house:

• Bad appearance. Over time, a coating forms on the surface of the product - substances from water, drained waste, and urine settle and form a sediment. It usually looks unpleasant, and the white color of the plumbing reinforces this by setting a contrast.
• Unpleasant smell. It may appear even before the formation of a full-fledged plaque. The characteristic odor is unpleasant in itself, in addition, it accompanies chemical processes and may also indicate bacterial activity.
• Harmful organisms. Urine and feces contain rich microbiota, and many of its species are causative agents of intestinal and other infections, for example, dysenteric amoeba causes dysentery. It is important to prevent the proliferation of microorganisms.

You will still have to clean the toilet and other plumbing fixtures, even if there is a septic tank, so you need to not only know the names of specific products - it is also important to understand the dangers of certain substances included in household chemicals. We'll talk about this later.

Odor coming from the sewer when flushing the toilet

This is due to the fact that when the toilet is flushed, a large burst of water is flushed into the sewer. When water is flushed down the drain, it pushes some of the air out, filling the bathroom with an unpleasant odor.

Solution Check whether the vent riser or check valve is working in the house. It happens that owners, out of ignorance, neglect these plumbing solutions when installing a sewer system. In this situation, you should consider installing at least a check valve on the sewer riser.

Unpleasant odor near biological stations

In the case of biological treatment plants, an unpleasant odor clearly indicates a malfunction. Unlike flow-through septic tanks, aerobic bacteria are responsible for the main purification processes in them, which do not emit unpleasant-smelling gases when processing contaminants. This is possible when cleaning processes are disrupted.

Among the most likely reasons are:

• Death of aerobic microflora of “activated sludge” in the aeration tank chamber. May occur after using aggressive chlorine-containing detergents.
• Low load on the cleaning station. As a result, bacteria do not have enough food to reproduce.
• Long power outages cause aeration processes to stop, which also leads to oxygen starvation and death of activated sludge.

The solutions to the problem in the listed cases are clear. Do not use aggressive chemicals, do not allow long power outages and idle downtime. After a long period of inactivity, flushing special bacteria or ordinary semolina into the toilet, which gives impetus to the development of aerobic microflora, sometimes helps to “start up” the septic tank.

Knocks out the automatic fuse in the panel to which the Topas is connected

Deep wastewater treatment systems always contain electrical components (pumps, floats, compressors, etc.), so a malfunction can occur in any of them.

Solution As they say: electrical engineering is the science of contacts. The machine knocks out - this means that the load current has exceeded, caused by a short circuit. You need to look for a fault in the electrical part of the Topas, checking each component in turn. Pay special attention to the control unit of the treatment plant. In 90% of cases the problem is there. For some reason, manufacturers do not pay enough attention to the tightness of the block, which is why the contacts of the terminal block oxidize, and if it is overfilled, it immediately floods. Knowing this problem, our company has developed a universal control unit with IP54 protection level, which is suitable for almost all Topas models and analogues.

Electrical diagrams can be found.

Universal control unit

Recommendations for choosing a septic tank for a summer house and country house

When choosing a treatment plant, it is important not only to know how the septic tank works properly, but also to take into account the operating conditions. For example, when installing a sewer system for a country house, it is not advisable to choose expensive VOCs with aerobic bacteria. Such septic tanks function only with a constant supply of electricity and a continuous flow of wastewater.

When a treatment system is required for a country house where a family lives, it should be understood that the wastewater will contain household chemicals and construction dust. Therefore, when choosing a septic tank, give preference to those models that have filters that separate foreign matter that bacteria cannot process.

Note!

How soil purification occurs: if you need to drain 1 cubic meter of filtered wastewater, you need 10 m2 of filtration field. Therefore, when you have a small plot, you should choose septic tanks without soil treatment. For example, equip a treatment facility made of concrete rings.

Before choosing the location of the septic tank, calculate whether a sewer truck can drive up to it. If the treatment plant is a factory-made one, insoluble sludge will have to be pumped out annually. The sewer truck has a hose up to 10 m long. If a longer length is required, be prepared for additional costs. Vacuum trucks should not drive through your garden and spoil the beds, so the septic tank should be placed next to the roadway, and so that the treatment facility does not interfere with the residents of neighboring houses.

The RCD in the house is turned off

An RCD is a residual current device controlled by differential (residual) current. In Russian - RCD - a fire prevention mechanism that protects a person from electric shock in the circuit where it is installed.

Over the years of our company's work, we have encountered cases where, for unknown reasons, the RCD located in the electrical panel turns off in a house. Having spent a long time figuring out why this is happening, we came to the conclusion that the RCD turns off due to the occurrence of a leakage current inside the septic tank. Since there is 100 percent humidity inside the septic tank, an aggressive environment, add to this the leakage of sockets and the control unit = the likelihood of such a situation occurring is by no means zero.

Solution De-energize the septic tank! And look for the cause of the leak by checking each electrical component individually. Or call our customer service - we will help!

Operating principle of the treatment plant

Septic tanks are sewer facilities that almost completely recycle wastewater, breaking it down into safe components.

All work on the transformation of human waste is assigned to microorganisms. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria gradually convert unappetizing sewage masses into water and activated sludge.

Aerobic bacteria can work only in the presence of oxygen, but anaerobic microorganisms successfully perform work in sealed containers.

Such a vessel reliably cuts off unpleasant odors from wastewater, but in order to include aerobic microorganisms in the work, you will need to organize forced air injection into the septic tank.

In practice, such a wastewater treatment system consists of several containers or compartments.

The entire processing process can be divided into several main stages:

1. Primary accumulation of wastewater , separation of contaminants that are not biodegradable.
2. Processing of remaining wastewater using bacteria , as a result of which the contents of the septic tank decompose into water and neutral sludge.
3. Additional treatment and sedimentation of wastewater , during which sludge accumulates at the bottom in the form of sediment.
4. Disposal and disposal of treated wastewater.

All this takes time. Wastewater gradually moves from one section of the septic tank to another through overflow holes or special tubes.

Sludge obtained as a result of biological processing of sewage contents is called neutral or active.

Both names can be considered correct. This mass is neutral because it does not pose a danger to the environment.

Settled wastewater processed by bacteria is disposed of in the ground through a post-treatment system. In the diagram this is an absorption well, instead of which there may be an infiltrator or a filtration field

Moreover, sludge can be used on the site as a useful fertilizer for plants. This sludge is called active because some of the bacteria are contained directly in this mass.

Microorganisms that process wastewater reproduce themselves during the purification process. For this reason, there is no need to constantly introduce them into the septic tank.

If such a device is used incorrectly, the number of bacteria inside can decrease catastrophically. This happens if aggressive substances that destroy microorganisms enter the sewer uncontrollably.

This applies, for example, to chlorine-containing preparations, some antibiotics, technical oils, cleaners, etc.

In order to maintain the functionality of expensive equipment and protect the colony of bacteria from death, a septic tank used seasonally must be properly preserved

Another common reason for the death of microorganisms in a septic tank is improper preservation of the device for the winter. Some owners confuse the septic tank with the heating system and completely empty it in the winter.

This is incorrect; the device must remain partially filled even when not in use to maintain an environment suitable for bacteria to live.

More detailed information about the types and principles of operation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria is available in this article.

If the device is insulated and properly preserved, it is not afraid of either winter frosts or spring floods. It will not float or crack, even if some of its contents freeze.

It is important, of course, to install the device correctly. During wastewater treatment, bacteria effectively eliminate the characteristic sewage odor.

Purified and clarified wastewater that has been processed in a septic tank can be used for watering green spaces and maintaining the area

The resulting water, of course, is not suitable for drinking, cooking, washing or other household needs. With a high degree of purification, it can be used to water plants on the site.

Often water is removed through a filtration well or filtration field. Water gradually enters the soil, passing through a purification system, a layer of sand and crushed stone.

The sludge that settles at the bottom of a sealed container, of course, does not go anywhere. It accumulates, as a result of which the total volume of the septic tank decreases slightly. When the amount of deposits becomes critical, the device should be cleaned using a special pump.

Cleaning a septic tank is performed much less frequently than pumping out a cesspool, and this process is usually not accompanied by a stench, since the sludge has a completely neutral odor.

The Topas receiving chamber is overfilled or all compartments are filled with water

Almost any malfunction in the Topas septic tank causes a gradual overflow of the receiving compartment. Following the reception, all the compartments begin to fill up and water can rise to the electrical compartment.

The cause may be a malfunction of the air compressor, a clog in the main mamut pump (when the septic tank has been in operation for a long time without maintenance), or a failure of the float in the receiving chamber, which is responsible for switching operating cycles. all the main reasons for the overflow of the Topas septic tank in our article, but do not rush to click on the link - below are described malfunctions that can also lead to overflow, but are not covered in the mentioned article.

Solution Be sure to stop using the sewer. There can be many reasons for overflow; you need to accurately determine the cause of the overflow in order to avoid its recurrence. To do this, read the article further.

Deformation of the septic tank body

A fatal phenomenon that requires its complete replacement. The body of a modern factory septic tank is a container divided into several chambers. In order to confidently withstand soil pressure, thick, durable plastic is required. It is also necessary to comply with installation and maintenance technology.

Most often, body deformation is caused by:

• Pumping out the septic tank for cleaning without subsequent filling with water. In this case, the body can either “float” - begin to be forced out of the ground, or become damaged.
• Low quality product. There can be many situations here: the plastic is too thin (less than 8 mm), its composition is not consistent and does not provide adequate strength, the body does not have stiffeners, the joints are poorly welded.
• In the northern regions, there are isolated cases of liquid freezing in a septic tank in the absence of insulation, with subsequent damage to the housing.

Get a response within 3-12 hours from a specialist

Note! When servicing the septic tank and pumping out sediment from it, be sure to immediately replenish the water level! Otherwise, there is a high probability of it floating up or pushing through the hull!

"Topas" is turned on, but nothing is bubbling inside

Solution Check the availability of electricity in the house, make sure that the circuit breaker in the panel responsible for the septic tank is on. If your septic tank is connected to an outlet, check the connection and functionality of the outlet.

Check for voltage at the input to the control unit; the cable running from the house to the treatment station may be damaged. Inspect the terminal block in the control unit for oxidation or loose contacts. Check the operation of the power button using a multimeter. “Ring” compressor sockets. When working, follow safety precautions.

How to avoid malfunctions

Proper operation of the device and timely maintenance will help you avoid serious breakdowns of the Topas septic tank. Of course, force majeure cannot be ruled out, but you can protect your station from the most common malfunctions. What does that require:

• Be careful what chemicals you use. There is a wide range of biodegradable and safe laundry, dishwashing and floor cleaning products on the market. The light did not converge on “Fairy”.
• Do not allow non-degradable waste (candy wrappers, condoms, pads, hair) to get into the septic tank.
• Maintain the station regularly.
• Make sure that the station is always connected to the network. If the power is turned off, do not use the sewer.
• Do not exceed the permissible salvo release.
• Install an alarm. It will notify you in a timely manner about a malfunction of the Topas septic tank and help you avoid serious problems.
• Check the operation of the station from time to time by opening the cover.
• Trust the installation, maintenance and repair of your septic tank only to professionals. For example, !

sells, installs and services Topas septic tanks in Moscow and Moscow Region, St. Petersburg and Leningrad Region, as well as in Pskov, Yekaterinburg and Veliky Novgorod.

The compressor does not work in Topas

As we have already described in the material “Design and principle of operation of Topas”, there are 2 types of treatment plants: “Topas” and “Topas”-S. A distinctive feature of which is the number of installed blowers. In “Topas” younger models, 2 of them are installed, in “Topas”-S - one + solenoid valve.

The easiest and most reliable way to check the operation of the blower is to disconnect it from the power supply inside the septic tank and supply it with power through an extension cord from a known working outlet from the house, shed, or garage.

Solution If the compressor does not work, it needs to be repaired. Of the possible malfunctions, three main ones can be distinguished: the membranes are torn and the protective mechanism is activated or the electromagnet fails. In the first case, repairs can be carried out on your own and you won’t have to spend a lot on spare parts. Replacing the solenoid is a more expensive repair and it is often advisable to replace the entire compressor.

Advice. In the event of a breakdown of the compressor responsible for the operation of the direct cycle, we recommend that you temporarily replace it with a compressor from the reverse cycle . This solution will help avoid overflow and force the septic tank to operate in wastewater treatment mode (direct cycle). You should not put off repairs or purchase of a new device for a long time - the proper operation of the septic tank depends on the performance of the blower.

The service engineers of the Clean World company always have with them the most popular compressors for Topas and other septic tanks.

Go to the compressor catalog

Rules that will help extend the life of use

In order for the device to function for the maximum period, it is necessary to check in time how well it performs its functions. The purification mechanism will not be brought to an emergency state if the owner follows these rules:

• ♻️ Do not use chlorine or other bleaches as they destroy the container. Septic tanks work thanks to the activity of bacteria that can process waste. Chlorine negatively affects their lives. The death of organisms will cause the tank to become clogged faster than the remaining bacteria can cope with the breakdown of debris. If for some reason you had to use chlorine-containing substances, then you need to introduce new bacteria into the tank the next day.
• ♻️ Do not allow waste from vegetables, machine oil, plastic bags, etc. to get into the tanks.
• ♻️ Regularly call a cesspool machine to carry out cleaning. Actions can be carried out by the owner independently. To prevent unpleasant aromas from causing discomfort, you should use a bandage on your nose. By using reagents, the amount of time spent on purification will be reduced. They are poured directly into the system. But regular cleaning will be more effective.
• ♻️ If there is a power outage, the system should not be used. This will cause clogging of the device and will definitely require calling a specialist.
• ♻️ Once every 6 months, the tank must be cleaned of sediment and silt. This will prevent the equipment from clogging. This frequency is not always relevant. When the device is not used for a long time, cleaning may occur much less frequently. The owner checks the degree of contamination.

The compressor in the septic tank works, but does not blow

This behavior of a blower can be observed when the rubber membranes (diaphragms) in the compressor rupture. The compressor appears to be working, but there is no aeration in the compartments.

Solution You need to disconnect the compressor from the air duct tube and check whether air is coming out of its opening. When you pinch the hole with your finger, you should feel the pressure of the air trying to escape. If there is no pressure, the membranes need to be replaced. You must purchase the required kit for your compressor. The kit always contains two diaphragms and, depending on the manufacturer, fasteners for them. We carry out replacement according to the instructions. We rejoice in the straightness of our hands and the savings. By the way, membranes are consumables, and according to the manufacturer’s instructions, they must be changed every 2 years. Although in practice membranes can last much longer.

Video on how to replace membranes yourself

The recommended period for cleaning the air filter is every six months. Replace it every year. From experience we can say that it is really worth cleaning the filter more often, especially since it is a quick and free procedure. Replacement can be done less frequently; once every 2 years is sufficient.

Septic tank freezing

The structure itself is a source of heat, which is released during the decomposition of waste. However, in the north and in severe winters, freezing is possible.

To avoid this, the cover of the autonomous sewer system should be insulated (for example, with extruded polystyrene foam), and several layers of insulation should be laid on top of the structure itself. Pipes, both inlet and for the discharge of treated wastewater, should be laid, if possible, below the soil freezing level, or additionally insulated.

Note! When laying pipes, it is necessary to maintain a slope of 2 cm per meter of sewer line! Otherwise, wastewater will accumulate in the pipes and may freeze, clogging the drain!

Two compressors in Topas operate simultaneously

Now let's consider a situation where two compressors operate simultaneously.

This is possible when the float switch responsible for changing operating cycles is broken. The Topas has a two-position float, inside of which there is a ball that closes either one group of contacts (upper position) or another - lower position.

Due to wear on the mechanism, sometimes the ball closes two groups of contacts at the same time.

Solution Replace the float. As a temporary solution, you can knock on the float so that the ball is released and starts working as expected. True, such a measure will not be enough for a long time; soon it will “stick” again.

It also happens that the float is depressurized or the cable is frayed. In this case, the wastewater enters the float and closes both contact groups, as a result of which power is supplied to both compressors.

Content

1. When should you clean your plumbing?
2. What substances are dangerous for septic tanks
3. Professional remedies for septic tanks
4. Household (folk) remedies for septic tanks
5. The right approach to washing plumbing fixtures
6. Additional protection measures

In apartments and city houses, plumbing is connected to a centralized sewerage and wastewater system. In suburban residential buildings it is replaced by autonomous installations. The most common of them is a septic tank, which is a steel or plastic container for collecting wastewater. Inside the septic tank there is a filtration system with bacteria that accelerates the decomposition of microflora and disinfection of wastewater.

An alternative to such a system is a cesspool, the contents of which will have to be pumped out from time to time, hiring special equipment and people to service it. So a septic tank is generally more convenient and hygienic, but ordinary household chemicals that you are used to in a city apartment are not suitable for it. With wastewater it will penetrate into the tank and filtration unit and cause the following damage:

• Perforation of walls. Conventional detergents will corrode the walls of the septic tank, which will ultimately lead to their perforation and leakage. This is fraught with soil pollution, groundwater poisoning, death of plants and animals, and the formation of foci for the spread of infections, parasites and other harmful microbiota.
• Destroying bacteria. Microorganisms living in the filtration system of a septic tank process dangerous organic matter into safe ones. Conventional cleaning products are designed specifically to destroy “bacteria under the toilet rim” and will also destroy beneficial microbiota in the same way, destroying the entire filtration system.

As a result, the installation will cease to perform its function, and contaminated wastewater will begin to flow into the ground, poisoning groundwater and soil. Therefore, in a house where there is a septic tank, it is necessary to use special household chemicals that do not contain too aggressive substances. Let's talk about such drugs in more detail.

The main mamut pump (air lift) in Topas is not working.

In the dedicated article we have already indicated the most common case. Now it's time to cover this issue in more detail.

The main pump, which pumps wastewater from the receiving compartment to the aeration tank, may not work for several reasons:

1. The malfunction is due to clogging of the main pump and/or the coarse filter in the receiving compartment. All wastewater enters this chamber and there, with the help of aeration, it undergoes mechanical crushing. If you pour insoluble waste down the drain, it will either settle to the bottom of the chamber over time or may cause a blockage. Vegetable skins, wet wipes, polyethylene bags - all this cannot be poured down the drain.

Solution The overflow assembly and inlet chamber need to be cleaned. You can do this yourself, or call ours. We will professionally service your septic tank.

Operating principle of the main pump.

2. There is no purge of the main mamut pump. The animation diagram above clearly demonstrates that it requires an air supply to operate. If air does not flow or there is not enough air supplied, then liquid pumping will not take place.

Solution Remove the air tubes from the pump. Check if there is air supply from the compressor when the direct cycle is on and the compressor is running. Check the air distributor nozzles and air duct hoses.

Check the air ducts and nozzles of the Topas distributor

3. The cycle switch float sensor does not work

Solution Replace the float switch in the receiving chamber. The mamut pump should only operate when the cycle switch float is raised up. You will need an on-on float switch with a cable length of 3m.

Modern septic tank for a König home: how it works

König is an on-site treatment plant that is suitable for advanced biotreatment of wastewater.

The main advantage of König is that the stations are manufactured in our country. Filtration of wastewater occurs using biofiltration.

The biofiltration method is an ultra-modern method of processing and purifying organic waste that does not harm the environment. How does such a septic tank work? Its functioning is based on the activity of microorganisms that absorb substances harmful and dangerous to humans and neutralize them.

This is interesting!
How to prepare a septic tank for winter: rules for preservation and re-preservation Read more
The König kit consists of the station itself, a technical passport, operating instructions for the circulation pump, as well as a clean water tank pump.

The main advantage of König is that the septic tank is completely environmentally friendly. What other advantages does such a cleaning station have:

• complies with SanPiN requirements;
• During operation of the septic tank, no hazardous substances are released, waste does not fall into the ground, and does not harm the environment;
• There is a ventilation system, so the unpleasant odor is eliminated.
How does a König septic tank work? Wastewater treatment occurs in 2 stages:
• First, large inclusions settle to the bottom in the settling tank. This tank has 3 chambers. Organic waste from the sewer system moves slowly from one chamber to another. During this process, heavy inclusions settle to the bottom.
• The wastewater is then purified by a biofilter. Liquid from the third chamber of the settling tank enters the bioload tank, where microorganisms are located. Liquid and organic matter dissolved in it are necessary for the proliferation of microorganisms that clean wastewater.

After this, part of the liquid enters the first tank, where accelerated decomposition of organic matter occurs. Most of the water flows into the third tank, where the wastewater is purified thanks to a biofilter. It contains bacteria that process waste, turning it into water, gases and minerals.

Advantages of the König septic tank:

• Allows you to implement any of the modern filtering methods.
• The warranty period for the pump and septic tank is 5 years, for the building body - 50 years.
• The septic tank is made of plastic using the latest technology. Therefore, it has high strength and excellent thermal insulation characteristics.
• Waste does not need to be preserved.
• The septic tank will function normally even if it is not used regularly.
• It can be installed anywhere, even if there are garden plantings nearby.
• Household waste may be disposed of in the sewer system.
• There is a mode in which the system can operate without electricity.
• Maintenance is required once every 24 months.

In order to avoid mistakes when choosing a septic tank for a country cottage or country house, it is necessary to take into account all the above-described features of treatment facilities. If necessary, you can get advice from professionals. If the sewer system is not designed or installed correctly, the costs of eliminating malfunctions and shortcomings will be impressive.

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Septic tank

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Professional remedies for septic tanks

Most preparations for cleaning plumbing available in the store contain the above substances. These compounds are relatively cheap to produce and therefore help maintain affordable prices for consumer products. A small amount of special branded preparations is suitable for septic tanks.

• ZERO. This is a remedy for Russian. It comes in the form of a gel and is suitable for all plumbing fixtures, from the toilet to the sink and even for tiles. Removes dirt, stains, fights dangerous bacteria, but does not harm the filtering microbiota of the septic tank. Biodegradable composition.
• MEINE LIEBE. The drug is from a famous German brand. It perfectly removes all types of deposits, from lime to urinary stone, destroys pathogenic biota and decomposes rust. At the same time, the product is safe for filter bacteria and is suitable for American-style toilets in which the bowl is filled with water.
• FROSCH. Another famous German brand owned by Werner & Mertz. Provides quick and high-quality removal of any plaque, lime deposits, and urinary stones. Safe for filter bacteria. The line offers many fragrance options, including mint flavors.
• ORGANIC PEOPLE. The brand belongs to the Russian company of the same name. The composition is based on natural pine oil, which provides disinfection and gives plumbing fixtures a pleasant aroma and freshness. Since there are no strong synthetics in the composition, the product is as safe as possible for plastic and filter bacteria.

In addition to these products, professional cleaning compounds Ecover and Chrisal (Belgian brands), AlmaWin and Sonett (German brands) are suitable for septic tank systems. They are less common on the Russian market than the first four names, but the quality is not inferior to the more popular ones.

On the other hand, if you have a septic tank, you cannot clean the plumbing with well-known, advertised products from the mass market. Eliminate brands such as Comet, Domestos, Cillit, and Toilet Duck. As a rule, these are cheap compositions, which can only contain the same cheap cleaning substances with a rough, aggressive effect.

Correct operation of chemicals

The high-quality operation of an autonomous sewage system depends on joint efforts in the processing of sewage, bioflora and chemistry. Bacteria successfully process organic matter, and chemicals help well in the decomposition of solid sludge and fat-like deposits on the walls and bottom of wells, which impede the drainage of purified water.

But biological reagents work at positive temperatures, and chemicals can decompose waste even at negative temperatures, supporting the vital activity of bacteria. But this only applies to nitrate oxidizers, which do not harm the population of microorganisms and are safe for nature and humans.

The symbiosis of biological agents and nitrate oxidizers will allow the operation of a septic tank with minimal involvement of sewage disposal equipment.