Cladding the stove with terracotta tiles: calculation, preparation, methods

Terracotta tiles are a popular facing material for stoves, facades, and fence bases. It has good thermal properties and appearance. Stove makers recommend terracotta as a durable, heat-resistant cladding for stoves, fireplaces, barbecues, and barbecues. It is harmless to health, therefore it is often used for lining the protective screen, the area around the firebox in saunas and baths, or simply in the interior. In the photo you can see examples of cladding.

Furnace finishing

In order to improve a brick stove, there are many ways. One of the most popular is finishing the stove with tiles.

This is how you can decorate an ordinary home stove with tiles

Tile is inexpensive, and the appearance of the fireplace will change significantly. Stove tiles weigh less than facing bricks.

The use of natural materials is at the risk of customers. After all, the strength of marble may have natural defects obtained during quarrying. Ceramic tiles and porcelain tiles are now produced of much higher quality than ten to twenty years later. They can be used without fear of cracking and crumbling.

Tile for stove photo.

If a different foundation was installed for the stove, then such tiling of the stove would be perfect. A high-quality stove will operate under difficult temperature conditions, so a metal corner is pulled over the body of the fireplace to prevent cracks.

But I would like to remind you that everything depends primarily on the hands of the master

Even beautiful tiles may not save the situation...

Before tiling the stove, you need to prepare the following tools:

meter level;
two spatula - serrated and flat, about one hundred millimeters wide;
lace;
tile cutter;
rubber hammer;
plastic crosses;
rubber spatula 50 mm wide;
protection for corners, because they are decoration and reinforcement for masonry.

This type of stove requires mandatory decoration with ceramic tiles

And for this stove, only the design of the wall and the tray on which the stove will work is suitable. Before you cover the stove with tiles, it is important to know which tile is best for the stove. Stove tiles come in different sizes

Craftsmen recommend taking tiles for fireplaces and stoves measuring 20x25 centimeters or less. You need to choose the tiles for the stove based on its size, so that you can use less cut tiles. However, you can’t do without using pieces, so you will need a tile cutter or glass cutter. Laying tiles on the stove with your own hands will be successful if you choose the right glue to which the tiles will be glued.

Do you think the craftsmen made the wood blank correctly?

And these craftsmen made a wooden podium...

The use of heat-resistant bricks is more suitable for integrating a stove into the design of a country house. Do not forget that the podium must be fireproof

This is also an option for a country house, when the heat from the stove will be absorbed by the refractory material. We would like to note that even the Buran spacecraft was decorated with ceramics, which prevented it from burning when returning to earth. If the stove is located in a country house, which is not always used, then the lowest temperature for glue should take into account the minimum temperature in the house. The plane of the fireplace on which the stove tiles will be laid must be straightened in advance and without any bumps. If the brick starts to crumble, the best option would be to plaster the fireplace.

With normal masonry, it is possible to polish and tile the stove beautifully. The first row of tiles for lining the stove is laid out without glue. After you have done the fitting, you need to mix a little glue until it becomes thick and creamy and lay the tiles on the stove from top to bottom. Before tiling the stove, a layer of mortar is evenly applied to each tile using a spatula, which should be thick, but be able to cover the entire part of the tile on the back side.

The ceramic frame can be transferred to the stove itself

Laying tiles on the stove is done with a seam width of three millimeters.

Particular attention must be paid to the seams. After the glue has set, the tile must be wiped and left to dry for 2 days.

Then the seams must be finished with grout.

In this version, the ceramics are just decoration, they do not provide any functionality.

To prevent buyers from making mistakes, some glue manufacturers produce fire-resistant masonry mixtures. In fact, this glue is no different from ordinary tile adhesive. When purchasing, it is better to contact specialized companies that will give you professional advice about their products, where they will clearly explain at what temperatures they can be used and how well they adhere. And such inscriptions on bags do not oblige the manufacturer to do anything, only to increase the price on the so-called specialized product...

Before tiling the stove, it is necessary to carry out some checks to improve the result. Before placing tiles on the stove, it is necessary to determine whether it heats any rooms.

This fireplace surround was made using regular tile adhesive.

And the decorative stone is also laid with regular glue

Drawing up a cladding drawing

The drawing will help not only accurately calculate the amount of material, but also determine the layout of the tiles.

Varieties of schemes for covering a stove with tiles:

Straight rows.
In staggered rows, like brickwork.
In a chaotic way.

For a beginner, the second option for facing the stove is the most suitable: installation or cutting errors in this case will not be so noticeable from the outside. When choosing the type of tile, it is recommended to give preference to fire-resistant and heat-resistant samples. Most often, stoves are decorated with porcelain stoneware, terracotta, clinker tiles, majolica, and tiles.

When determining how to properly tile a stove, pay attention to the following characteristics of the material:

The main parameters are thermal expansion, resistance to damage, porosity of the structure, moisture resistance, etc.
Dimensions of individual elements. The smaller they are, the lower the likelihood of cracks and delaminations.
Decorative. The beauty of the overall cladding pattern is influenced by the dimensions and shape of the individual elements.
Marking. All tiles must be from the same batch: only in this case will the cladding have the same shade.
Availability of a quality certificate.

To lay tiles on the stove, you will need a special mixture that can comfortably withstand high temperatures and open flames. Usually, serious manufacturers of heat-resistant tiles also offer a special adhesive composition along with their products.

Oven surface preparation

In order for the cladding of the stove to be successful with terracotta, it is necessary to properly prepare the surface for cladding work. It is necessary to take into account that there are 2 options for preparatory work:

For a new stove, which has not yet had any facing materials. Preparation in this case will include such steps as: cleaning the surface from dust and dirt, and its further priming

It is also important to level it and equip it with a grid, as well as markings to further facilitate the installation of the cladding. It is important to remember that it will be possible to operate a new stove only a month after its construction, so you will need to wait to use it even after high-quality cladding with expensive tiles. On an operating furnace

This option involves performing much more extensive work than in the first case. To begin with, the old facing material used in this design is dismantled. Next, you need to completely remove the remaining plaster or fastening mortar from the walls, which can be done using sandpaper. To achieve a good fit between the cladding and the brickwork, you need to deepen the seams between the bricks using readily available means or using professional tools. It is worth deepening the seams by 5-10 mm, but no more. At the next stage, the walls are leveled to one level through a metal mesh.

conclusions

Furnace cladding is a simple construction job that you can do yourself. To do this you need to follow just a few simple rules:

install the tiles in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer of the facing material and adhesive;
qualitatively level the surface;
correctly calculate the number of tiles needed for cladding;
determine the distance between the seams based on the dimensions of the tile, its material and weight (you can also follow the manufacturer’s recommendations);
use professional tools for grouting;
do not use a new stove for a month after construction, and an existing one cannot be heated for another week after lining;
it is necessary to buy 10% -15% more building material than required by calculations;
You can’t work “by eye”; markings are required everywhere.

Choosing terracotta

If the volumes are small, then it is important to make sure that all the tiles belong to the same batch and do not differ in shade. In case of covering a larger area, and there are several packages of different batches, mix the terracotta

Even if there is a barely noticeable difference in shade, all the tiles will be mixed together, and the composition as a whole will look decent.

In case of covering a larger area, and there are several packages of different batches, mix the terracotta. Even if there is a barely noticeable difference in shade, all the tiles will be mixed together, and the composition as a whole will look decent.

There are three grades of terracotta:

close to ideal, no torn edges, differences in size or shade between tiles from the same batch;
defects are extremely rare;
Low-quality and even defective terracotta is often found.

Please note that the back side of the tile is corrugated, which will ensure better adhesion

Laying tiles on a heated surface

When laying tiles on a heated surface, you need to adhere to the basic tile installation scheme (bottom up, starting with corner elements, then straight tiles), but the main point should be the choice of adhesive mixtures, grouts, pastes and mastics. They must be heat resistant. And for jointing, you need to use heat-resistant grout for a wide seam. In the flood zone, the seams should be filled with heat-resistant mastic, and tinted like regular grout.

So, when starting work on laying facing tiles, be sure to take them out of the boxes, mix them and lay out the future masonry pattern on the ground. Terracotta tiles are made entirely from natural clay, so when fired, unique shades are obtained and preliminary laying will allow you to see and adjust the pattern of individual elements before starting work (adjustment can be done using a cutting wheel or tungsten filament for ceramic tiles). If you notice a thin foreign layer on the back of the tile, clean it off with a stiff wire brush. Moisten the installation surface and the working side of the tiles themselves if the cladding is installed on a very dry surface or installation is carried out in hot and dry weather conditions. When laying with jointing, be sure to take into account and observe the width of the gap between the tiles. Laying terracotta tiles. Using a trowel or spatula, apply an adhesive layer for masonry with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 cm to the back of the facing element. Make sure that the solution covers the entire surface. Press the facing element against the wall. To achieve the best fit, rotate it slightly. In this case, the solution should be slightly squeezed out from all sides of the installed element. When using seamless masonry, special attention must be paid to ensuring that the end connections of the facing elements are filled with a thin layer of mortar. To do this, it is necessary: - apply the solution completely covering the back side of the facing element, so that during installation the excess is squeezed out along the edges; -immediately after installation, using a trowel, remove excess mortar, leaving a thin layer of it at the ends. It is also possible to apply a thin layer of solution to the ends using a special bag (bag) filled with solution. The sticker is applied in small sections (0.3-0.6 sq.m.) from top to bottom, so drips of the adhesive solution stain the decorative surface less. Jointing for facing terracotta tiles. Joining is a critical stage in laying tiles. When carrying out this, it is necessary to ensure a thorough sealing of the surface to prevent moisture from entering under the cladding. This will avoid cracking of the cladding elements in winter and, as a result, destruction of the masonry. Before starting the grouting, you need to make sure that the pigment contained in the fugue does not contaminate the surface of the tile (especially such as ours: unglazed, unpolished, textured). If it becomes dirty, the tiles can be coated with a protective compound, and upon completion of work, remove it with a solvent. Jointing is carried out using a construction syringe gun, or using a special bag for filling the joints with mortar. This bag is easy to make yourself. To do this, it is enough to cut off one of the corners of an ordinary medium-sized plastic bag, and do this in such a way that the diameter of the resulting outlet hole is slightly smaller than the width of the seams between the cladding elements. Fill the bag with solution. Slowly squeeze the solution through the hole in the bag and carefully fill the seams with it. Be careful not to get the solution on the cladding. After the mortar has set, use a jointing spatula to smooth out the seams using a pressing motion and remove excess mortar. Do not try to process the seams immediately after filling them, as the solution that has not yet set will leave dirty marks on the cladding. Use a stiff brush (not a metal one!) to finally clean the surface.

If the facing with terracotta tiles is located outdoors, then it must be coated with a water-repellent-hydrophobic composition. This will reduce moisture absorption, increase frost resistance, increase thermal protection, reduce salt deposits and other environmental influences. But it should be taken into account that such protective equipment must be gas-permeable - this affects the durability of the adhesive fastening and is necessary for a comfortable atmosphere inside the lined object.

Rules for installing facing elements on a stove wall

According to the technology, it is better to start gluing tiles on vertical surfaces from the bottom, and it is necessary to lay out the first row and allow the adhesive mixture to harden. This will allow you to set guides along which you can navigate when installing the next rows. Therefore, when installing the first row of facing elements, you need to be especially careful. The tile installation process is carried out in the following order:

• Apply a sufficient layer of adhesive to the underside of the tile using a regular spatula.

• The facing element is pressed against the base surface, first with the lower part, and then with the upper, after which it is installed in the desired position with light blows.

• When installing each tile, it is imperative to check the correctness of its spatial location with a small level.

• As you fill the row with facing elements, you must periodically make sure that you have not deviated from the specified parameters, using a longer level for this.

After the adhesive mixture of the first row has hardened, you can begin further installation of tiles, filling the next rows. The procedure for performing this task is the same as for the first row.

But now a long level will also be needed to check the vertical plane of the plane being created, which is advisable to do during the installation of each of its next elements.

A stove wall usually has certain places in its structure that should not be covered with a tiled covering, for example, firebox and ash doors, well windows for removing accumulated soot, and so on. In order to beautifully decorate such areas when installing tiles on the wall of the stove, it is necessary to change the format of the ceramic tiles, which means removing any of its fragments and, quite often, the figured ones. Tile is a rather fragile material, so if the cut line is not straight, but has any angles or turns, then you should use a grinder to form a non-standard element, after which it is mounted on the wall in the prepared space.

It is also often necessary to cut tiles when completing a row, since it is rare that there will be an even amount of tiles on the wall. Therefore, you need to measure the width of the missing piece with a tape measure, taking into account the size of the seam.

After this, you need to make an insert of the required size, separating the excess part from the whole tile using a tile cutter.

The finished part should be installed in its place using the same adhesive.

As can be seen in the photographs presented above, in order to achieve as much symmetry as possible when installing elements of the tiled covering, it is important to use limiting crosses, which are inserted into the seams between the tiles, two on each side.

This will ensure uniform spacing between the installed elements and keep them in this position until the installation mixture hardens. When the surface of the stove wall is completely covered with tiles, you will need to wait a day or two so that the hydration of the cement included in the installation mixture occurs to a sufficient extent, when you no longer need to be afraid that the stability of the elements of the tile covering will be disrupted.

Why does a stove need a lining?

A simple oven is a structure made of red burnt brick. In order for the house to warm up well, the stove should be installed in the central part of the heated room. Since such a structure is bulky, various techniques are used to combine it more harmoniously with the overall interior of the room, and various methods of decorating the stove with finishing materials are also used.

Even the most neatly laid out stove, painted with ordinary paint, will not look aesthetically pleasing if it is not decorated

In addition to its aesthetic function, cladding also has practical benefits. So, in most Russian baths, the stoves are made of metal - it is heat-resistant and durable. However, a furnace consisting entirely of metal has a number of disadvantages during operation:

When heated, thermal radiation from exposed metal creates some discomfort.
This type of stove can cause dangerous burns.
Metal stoves cool relatively quickly, as a result of which they must be constantly heated, which creates certain inconveniences during their operation.
Such furnaces consume much more fuel, which leads to additional costs.
The furnace surface temperature reaches quite high values; it follows that it must be located at safe distances from the walls or the outer surface of the furnace walls must be well insulated.

Positive properties of a metal furnace:

Maintains temperature more effectively, which also affects fuel economy.
Gives even and soft thermal radiation, has a more favorable effect on the human body.
Such stoves have a higher fire safety coefficient, therefore, severe burns are eliminated.
Creates a unique microclimate in the room.
Has a more attractive appearance.

Preparing for tiling the stove

You need to start by preparing all the necessary tools that will help prepare the surface and finish it.

Tools for work

Tools needed for tiling the stove

Tools you will need:

Spatulas:

- serrated - for applying and distributing tile adhesive. Recommended tooth height – 5 ÷ 6 mm;

- a regular straight medium size - for cleaning the surface;

- corner - for decorating the corners of the building;

- rubber - for sealing seams between tiles when laying them on glue.

Tile cutter and sander.
Metal ruler.
A simple pencil or marker for marking.
Construction level, plumb.
Glue container.
Electric drill and mixer attachment for mixing the adhesive mass.

When installing tiles without glue, you additionally need to prepare:

Wooden or rubber hammer for making corners.
Metal scissors.
A device (sheet bending jig) for making corners of the required size. It is assembled from a thick wooden beam and a steel strip with a thickness equal to the thickness of the ceramic tile, plus 1.5 ÷ 2 mm.
Riveter, rivets, drill with a set of drills for metal.

Materials for preparatory and finishing work

For each installation method, in addition to the tile itself, various building materials will be required.

So, to lay ceramic tiles with glue you will need:

Heat-resistant adhesive intended for lining fireplaces and stoves.
Primer.
Grout for joints between tiles.
Skirting board.

In case of “dry” installation of tiles, without glue, you need to prepare:

Sheets of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.6 - 0.9 mm.
Aluminum or steel angle for closing corners.
Aluminum strips 2 mm thick, 20 mm wide - for making a frame on which the guides will be attached.

Oven surface preparation

For a new stove, which has not yet had any facing materials. Preparation in this case will include such steps as: cleaning the surface from dust and dirt, and its further priming

Some tips

When grouting the seams, be careful not to let the grout get on the surface of the tiles. If this happens, do not rush to erase it immediately. You will only rub the grout over the embossed surface of the terracotta, so removing it from there will be problematic. Wait for the grout to harden and cut it off with a knife.
Although grout is traditionally white, you can create interesting accents and other colors using special colors. Metal oxides will be the minerals that will play the role of colors.
Use the fireplace or stove only after all work has been completed: at least a couple of days should pass after installation and grouting.

Laying terracotta tiles - video

Bottom line Terracotta tiles are a high-quality and original facing material that will allow you to cover surfaces where the heat resistance of the cladding is important, as well as simply decorate walls. Apply the tips from the article and you can create a unique and reliable cladding.

Furnace measurement and tile calculation

After the dimensions of the stove have been measured, the type of material has been determined, the exact dimensions of one tile, the presence of decorative elements and their parameters have been determined, you can begin to calculate how many tiles are needed to cover the stove.

To do this, it is necessary to calculate the area of the furnace, including vertical and horizontal surfaces. It should be remembered that laying tiles on the stove requires a joint gap (the distance between the tiles), which ranges from 2 to 10 mm. This area must be subtracted.

Stove makers recommend adding 10-15% to the calculated value for undercuts and chips that appear during cutting.

Note. The more complex the tile layout pattern, the more material goes into trimming. However, the smaller the tile, the less material is wasted.

Users are advised to make a safety stock of 5% of the quantity received. After all, the tiles may fall off or burst during the operation of the stove. Moreover, if there are several types of decorative elements, then you need to have at least two pieces of each of them. This increases the cost of tiling the stove, but eliminates the need to think about how to replace the missing cladding element.

Note. Particularly accurate calculations must be made for tiles.

Methods for laying tiles on a stove

The second aspect that affects the volume of materials purchased is the method of laying tiles when facing the stove (Fig.).

Laying tiles joint to joint in straight rows (joint to joint, seam to seam) you can lay square or rectangular tiles. The use of this method is only possible when the tiles have the same geometric dimensions. It is suitable for laying out panels or patterns on the surface of the oven. In this case, it is desirable that the layout begins and ends with whole tiles. It is this nuance that will not allow the method to take a leading position;

Laying tiles in a bandage (in a bandage) is the most popular method of laying, since when using it, cut pieces of tiles are not noticeable. You can also vary the thickness of the vertical seam. The method is suitable for those who are going to do the tiling of the stove with their own hands; Laying tiles diagonally Laying tiles diagonally allows you to create an unusual pattern. But it is rarely used due to the difficulties with marking the surface and the significant amount of waste; the “chaos” installation allows you to implement a wide variety of solutions. Most often used for laying tiles made from natural materials. Using the random layout method forces craftsmen to more carefully calculate the material.

The variety of facing tiles allows you to create your own ways of laying them, combining materials and creating unique designs.

Tile layout - drawing, cutting

Laying tiles on the stove is carried out on the basis of a prepared drawing or sketch. In this case, professionals provide a specification on the basis of which the material is purchased. For beginners, a visual image and the actual layout of the desired composition will greatly facilitate the process of calculation, purchase and installation.

Note. Layout is made for all furnace walls, taking into account the size of the seams.

The drawing of the furnace with facing material looks like that shown in the figure.

Furnace tiling - drawing

3D visualization will help you evaluate the appearance of the future cladding.

Furnace tiling - 3D layout

Tile layout – simplifies the installation process, as it allows you to lay the tiles on the stove in the exact sequence. In addition, it allows you to select tiles according to pattern, shape, and shade. The size of the tiles is adjusted before laying, taking into account the seams. Products with chips and defects are used for trimming.

Note. Increasing the distance between the seams will help avoid laying tiles in small pieces.

Advice. The most massive (large) tiles are laid on the bottom rows. There are also thicker tiles on the bottom. Otherwise, it will be impossible to make a smooth surface.

The finished stove after lining will look like this

Scope of application

Most often, such cladding is used for stoves or fireplaces, but there are different reasons for using terracotta.

The relaxed geometry and beautiful appearance will create high aesthetics and add a touch of luxury.
Such cladding will hide all the errors in the brickwork, even if used brick was used. The loose geometry of the terracotta cladding will hide serious problems with the plane.
You can always update the appearance of a fireplace or stove thanks to additional cladding of this kind.

In addition, terracotta tiles are used for facades, and they look beautiful. High frost resistance will ensure the durability of the cladding. In this respect, terracotta competes with clinker.

Care of terracotta surfaces

Careful handling of terracotta coating and the use of only suitable detergents and cleaning products will ensure its safety and beauty for decades.

The rules for caring for terracotta are simple:

The lining that has been heated should be washed only after it has completely cooled down;
It is recommended to clean textured or rough tiles with a brush, and for very dirty surfaces use a soap solution;
To remove fresh greasy deposits from terracotta (if, for example, meat was cooked on the stove), use ordinary dishwashing liquid;
Do not clean terracotta cladding with abrasives or products containing acid;
Alcohol stain removers are used only in difficult cases, for example, when drops of grease have fallen on matte tiles;
Do not allow coffee, tea or grease stains that are difficult to remove to appear on the surface covered with unglazed products;
To protect against difficult-to-remove substances, unglazed terracotta is treated with special oil- or wax-based products.

Terracotta tiles are a universal building finishing material obtained by firing kaolin. The combination of traditional manufacturing practices and modern production technologies guarantees high performance properties and excellent appearance of baked clay products.

How much does it cost

The price of terracotta tiles (terracotta) for cladding a stove with your own hands, depending on the texture, starts from 800 rubles (average price 1100) per square meter.
The price for corner elements starts from 75 rubles. Decorative elements cost approximately 40 rubles, grout for Terracotta joints - 600 rubles, heat-resistant glue - 650.
If you hire specialists, the cost of cladding work is 300-500 rubles (depending on the region and the qualifications of the master) for each square meter.

You can buy all of the listed material yourself, or you can consult with specialists. Craftsmen can even make the purchase themselves.

Even more useful information about cladding a stove with terracotta is contained in the video below:

Main features of terracotta tiles

This finishing material is made using purified white clay, which is processed under very high temperature conditions. This technology helps make the tiles truly heat-resistant. Such finished products are highly resistant to prolonged exposure to moisture, water, ultraviolet sunlight, rain, wind, snow and temperature fluctuations. Therefore, such stove tiles often act as a facing material when finishing external walls.

This material contains exclusively natural components of natural origin. Depending on the specifics of the production process, the output can be tiles of various colors: light brown, red-brown, fire and even black. All this helps to achieve a complete imitation of natural material. In addition, finished products can have different types of surface, from matte to glossy.

General information

These tiles are made from white fireclay clay, which is highly fire-resistant. The clay is fired and a durable material with a coarse-grained structure is obtained. Externally, terracotta tiles resemble wild stone, Prague brick and, vaguely, wood.

The material has a small color palette, but there are light brown, red-brown, black and other colors. Thanks to their interesting texture and color variety, terracotta tiles fit into any interior and any style.

Advantages and disadvantages

This material certainly has great advantages:

the tile is highly durable and durable;
has high heat resistance. If you line stoves and fireplaces with terracotta tiles, you can increase the thermal effect several times;
high frost resistance;
greater resistance to ultraviolet rays and sunlight;

made from environmentally friendly materials;
has no odor or dangerous ingredients;
the material does not require special care;
has little weight. Thanks to this, you can use it on large surfaces, and you do not need special glue or additional reinforcement.

The only downside is that the tile is quite fragile, so try to protect it from impacts, and it is also subject to mechanical stress.

Tile requirements

To get acquainted, we will analyze the main types of tiles and the criteria for their selection. It is recommended to use several types of finishing materials for lining heating units and fireplaces:

"Majolica". Such tiles can be found on old stoves. Ceramics covered with a layer of special heat-resistant enamel - the high price does not make it popular among the population;
Terracotta tiles are a simple version of majolica. It is made from clay, due to its properties it is not subject to deformation from high temperatures, and is resistant to cracking and mechanical damage. It is successfully used as a finishing for stoves in garden houses with seasonal heating and long breaks in work. This finish will protect the stove from dampness and cracking.
Clinker tiles are an alternative to refractory bricks. The composition includes several types of clay with the addition of fireclay and various dyes. The finished mixture is pressed under high pressure, then fired;
The use of porcelain stoneware increases the service life of the stove finish. It is made from different types of clay with the addition of granite, marble and binding additives. The thermal properties of the material make it possible to reliably protect the stove surfaces and give them a beautiful appearance.

Any tile must meet several requirements, which we must pay attention to when choosing finishing materials:

Surfaces must be smooth, without cracks or chips.
Individual parts of the series must be painted the same color. If even the color tone is different, it is not recommended to buy such products. It could be a defect or a fake.
Each part must be geometrically smooth, maintaining right angles. To check, place several tiles on the surface and join them together. If there are the slightest gaps or the slab does not adhere to the surface, it may be a mismatch or a fake.
We make sure to check the seller’s quality certificate for the product, which should indicate the environmental safety class and other performance characteristics.

Casein based mastics

You can also tile a stove using casein mastic prepared at home.

Scheme of the furnace lining.

Simple casein mastic. Pour dry casein glue with the required amount of water and leave to swell for 25-30 minutes. Then, with constant stirring, add fillers, limestone flour, fluff lime, and sodium fluoride. Mix the solution until a homogeneous consistency is obtained.

Ingredients: dry casein glue – 1 kg, sodium fluoride – 0.1 kg, fluff lime – 0.5 kg, limestone flour – 2.5 kg, water – 2 liters. All volumes can be either increased or decreased, but in direct proportion to each other.

Casein-cement mastic is prepared in a similar way. Composition: dry casein glue – 1 kg, Portland cement – 3 kg, fine-grained construction sand – 1 kg, water – 2.5 l.

Tiling the stove is also possible using gypsum mastic. The gypsum solution for cladding is prepared in 2 stages, initially you need to prepare a 10% solution of CMC glue, for this you need to dilute 0.1 kg of CMC glue in 1 liter of water and wait for the time specified in the instructions. After which, constantly stirring the resulting emulsion, you need to add gypsum and water into it. Composition: 5 kg of gypsum, 0.4 l of CMC glue emulsion, 0.23 l of water.

The preparation of polymer-based mastics in most cases is carried out in factories, but some of them can be made at home. In order to tile a stove, the following recipe is used: 1 liter of PVA dispersion should be thoroughly mixed with 1.5-2 kg of Portland cement. Glue-based mastic is prepared in this way: CMC glue is diluted with hot water, a cement-sand mixture is added to the resulting emulsion until the mastic reaches the required consistency. Glue composition: 0.1 kg of dry CMC glue, 5 l of water. Composition of the cement-sand mass: 1 bucket of Portland cement and 3 buckets of river sand.

Various adhesives are also used for lining stoves with ceramic tiles, which can also be purchased either ready-made or made at home.

In other words, there are a huge number of recipes for preparing solutions for tiling stoves; you just need to choose the one that is more convenient for you personally!

What to fasten with. How to mix glue with your own hands?

The strength of the tile fastening depends on the mortar used.

Clay mortar

To prepare it, sand, clay, and water are mixed in parts depending on the fat content of the clay. To one part of water and one part of sand, clay is added from 2 to 4 parts, the fatter it is, the more.

Reference. The fat content of clay is determined in a simple way - a ball molded from it cracks when it dries, the more the clay is fatter.

Cement mortar

For such a solution, cement of a grade not lower than M400 is used. To prepare, 1 part cement is mixed with 3 parts sand and diluted with water. Experienced stove makers advise adding additional table salt at the rate of 1 kg per 10 liters of mixture.

Dry mix

Commercially available dry mixtures on various bases are convenient because the amount of components in them is precisely measured and you only need to dilute them with water according to the instructions

Please note that the mixtures are designed for a certain type of tile and will work worse if you do not follow the manufacturer’s recommendations

Ready solution

Various types of ready-made glue - adhesive mastic - are widely available in stores. It is necessary to carefully study the manufacturer's recommendations so as not to purchase a solution that does not meet the requirements for heat resistance and expansion.

Main advantages and properties of tiles

Finishing a fireplace with tiles has a lot of advantages, since this particular material has a lot of unique and inimitable features:

Such tiles will make your fireplace or stove installation original and unique, and a large number of various solutions and textures will allow you to bring any ideas to life in the required style;
The heat transfer and heat resistance of the heating unit when using this finishing material increases several times;
The heating system warms up quickly and distributes heat evenly throughout all rooms;
Due to the presence of a smooth ceramic coating (more about: finishing a fireplace with porcelain stoneware), dirt and dust do not get clogged into the pores, which makes maintenance much easier.

Two-stage wall design

Large fireplace with combined cladding

Large stove-fireplace assembled and lined with your own hands

You can learn more about the advantages and features of this facing material by watching the video in this article.

How to cut tiles?

Before the trimming process, you need to make markings using a marker and ruler. Then fix the tile in the tile cutter so that the line is located under the cutting roller. To avoid chipping, lubricate the guide frame and roller with machine oil. When the lever is lowered, the tile breaks.

Plastering the surface is a simpler option for finishing a stove, but a ceramic coating has great advantages: a heating device with this design is easier to keep clean, and maintenance does not require the use of special detergents. Also, due to the properties of ceramics, the heat transfer of the furnace increases.

Tile adhesive and mortar for stoves

The quality of adhesion between the tile and the stove surface depends on the solution on which the tiles are placed on the stove. In view of its intended purpose, the adhesive solution must be heat-resistant, fire-resistant, and heat-resistant.

There are three types of mortars for laying stove tiles:

Clay mortar for oven

How to prepare: clay, sand and water are mixed in certain proportions, which depend on the type of clay:

for oily clay the ratio will be 1 part clay, 4 parts sand, 1 part water. The fat content of clay can be determined in the laboratory or in a traditional way - you don’t feel sand in it, and a ball rolled out of it cracks badly when it dries;
for normal – 1:3:1
for skinny people – 1:2.5:1

Cement mortar for furnace

How to prepare: cement and sand are mixed in a ratio of 1:3 and brought to the desired consistency with water. In this case, the cement must be grade M 400 or higher. To improve the properties of the solution, it is recommended to add PVA and asbestos to it. Stove makers advise adding 1 kg of salt. onto a bucket of mixture;

Dry mixture mortar or special adhesives (cement, dispersion, epoxy)

They are ready-to-use mixtures intended for a specific type of tile. They are good because the proportions in them are carefully adjusted, and in addition, various plasticizers are added that improve the properties of the adhesive solution. Such adhesives have proven themselves well: SCANMIX Skanfixsuper (Finland), Plitonit-SuperKamin (Russia-Germany). Budget options: SILTEK T-84 (Ukraine), “Pechnik” (Belarus) and “Plitonit W” (Russia).

Ready-made adhesive solution - adhesive mastic

In any case, the solution must meet the requirements for heat resistance and coefficient of thermal expansion. Ideally, laying tiles on the stove should be done using the same mortar that was used to level its surface.

All professionals and users agree that it is not worth saving on materials.

Additional materials

When calculating costs, you need to take into account that in addition to the tile itself you will need:

heat-resistant primer;
reinforcing mesh with cells 50x50 mm, for plastering surfaces (stainless or galvanized);
heat-resistant mixture for plastering stoves;
heat-resistant adhesive for laying tiles;
grout for processing seams;
templates (crosses) for maintaining the thickness of the seams;
nails or self-tapping screws for attaching reinforcing mesh.

You can save a little on plaster and glue if you prepare these solutions yourself. To prepare plaster and mortar for tiles, clay, sand and cement are used. Some craftsmen recommend adding PVA glue to them.

Methods for cutting tiles

In order to cover the stove, the tiles have to be adjusted to size. There are several tools you can use for this job:

To cut simple, thin tiles, you will need a simple glass cutter. We trim the layer of glaze and then break the tile, laying it on a flat surface;
electric jigsaw. This tool can cut any types of materials and shapes of parts. But the file leaves chips, even gluing tape to the front surface does not help;
grinder with diamond blade. This tool can make smooth, straight cuts on any type of tile. To do this, mark the cutting line and lay the part on a flat surface. First, we do not deepen the disk, remove the layer of glaze along the entire line and only then cut off the part;
tile cutter It is used by professional tilers; if it is possible to rent it, this will be the best tool option. The cuts are smooth, the front part does not crumble. Simply lay the tiles along the line, run the cutting tool and you can lay the tiles in place;
for larger cutting sizes, after cutting with a glass cutter, you can gradually chip off pieces of tile using sharp tongs or wire cutters.

Grouting joints

It can be done using a special mixture, which is sold ready-made in hardware stores, or with a sand-clay mortar. The work is best done using a flexible rubber spatula so as not to scratch the coating of the material.

If it is possible to purchase a professional tool, then you can use a special construction gun. It is great for grouting joints between textured tiles.

Grouting joints

Furnace finishing

Drawing up a cladding drawing

Oven surface preparation

conclusions

Choosing terracotta

Laying tiles on a heated surface

Rules for installing facing elements on a stove wall

Why does a stove need a lining?

Preparing for tiling the stove

Tools for work

Materials for preparatory and finishing work

Oven surface preparation

Some tips

Furnace measurement and tile calculation

Methods for laying tiles on a stove

Tile layout - drawing, cutting

Scope of application

Care of terracotta surfaces

Read more about preparing the oven and the intricacies of masonry

How much does it cost

Main features of terracotta tiles

General information

Advantages and disadvantages

Tile requirements

Casein based mastics

What to fasten with. How to mix glue with your own hands?

Clay mortar

Cement mortar

Dry mix

Ready solution

Main advantages and properties of tiles

How to cut tiles?

Tile adhesive and mortar for stoves

Clay mortar for oven

Cement mortar for furnace

Dry mixture mortar or special adhesives (cement, dispersion, epoxy)

Ready-made adhesive solution - adhesive mastic

Additional materials

Methods for cutting tiles

Grouting joints