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Even a simple barbecue oven with a cauldron allows you to organize gatherings at the dacha, treating guests to delicious dishes of meat and vegetables. When building an outdoor garden fireplace, there are no particular difficulties; the main thing is to choose the right project, and then follow the drawing exactly.
The difference between barbecue and grill
Shish kebab is a favorite dish for Russians on vacation. The easiest way to grill shish kebab is to use a disposable grill and skewers. But it is much more convenient and civilized to do this at the dacha, in a more complex device created with your own hands. All such devices - grill, barbecue, barbecue - are very helpful for the country cook, but differ only in some design features.
Grill, grill and barbecue are designed for frying meat, poultry, fish, vegetables and mushrooms over coals. They differ only in the complexity of their design and additional capabilities.
Brazier
This is the simplest device for frying: a rectangular metal box on legs without a grate for coals. Smoldering coals lie right at the bottom of the grill, and the heat from them is directed from bottom to top. On the side walls at the top there are recesses for skewers, and at the bottom there are perforations to create traction. It is often foldable and does not have a lid. The easiest way to take it with you on a picnic or on a camping trip along with skewers or a grill.
Brazier - a rectangular metal box on legs without a lid or grate for coals
Grill
The grill is distinguished by the fact that it has a charcoal grate and a lid, which provides heat from all sides, not just from below. But if you put it aside, the unit will work like a regular barbecue. In the grill, you can regulate the air flow to the coals and the fried product, for which dampers are made in the lower and upper parts. Sometimes it is equipped with an umbrella to catch falling embers. The lid is a very necessary thing. Firstly, the speed of cooking increases; secondly, the finished dish turns out to be stewed rather than fried, which means it’s more healthy.
The main difference between the grill is the presence of a grate and a lid.
B-B-Q
There is still a lot of controversy about the word “barbecue”. It seems that the best interpretation is its origin from the French “barbe et queue” - “from beard to tail.” Initially, it was not pieces that were fried on the grill, but whole lambs or piglets. In Russian, this device received the affectionate name “barbecue”. A barbecue differs from a barbecue in that it has a more complex structure. There, like in an oven, there is a grate for coal, which ensures good draft, and a grate for the product that is to be fried. Like the barbecue, the barbecue does not have a lid. This is a more complex and expensive device. Ready-made “mobile” barbecues are widely sold, which are a metal structure on high legs, often with a roof and additional folding shelves. They are inconvenient because in bad weather it is advisable to remove them from the site. In more expensive models, the distance between the grate for the product and the grate with coals can be changed, which allows you to regulate the intensity of the heat and makes cooking very easy. The heat in a barbecue is also directed from bottom to top.
The word “barbecue” is often used to describe a brick structure in a garden plot.
But often the word “barbecue” is used to describe a large structure on a site, a “garden fireplace.” Typically, it is built of brick or stone, with a substantial roof and a preparation table. Often a cauldron (cauldron) and a sink are inserted into the “garden fireplace” for washing meat and vegetables.
Selection of material, calculation of required quantity
Various materials are used to build barbecue ovens, including brick, metal, stone and clay.
The latter can be used to make a monolithic structure.
Clay was used in ancient pottery. The first historical mentions of such structures were found in the 3rd millennium BC. Nowadays, this type of furnace is used extremely rarely. To make it you need a special type of fatty clay.
Stone barbecue stoves are more common, but are not widely popular, since their construction requires rubble stone, sandstone and limestone. The inconvenience of this material lies in its different shapes, which is why each element has to be carefully selected to each other.
Furnace complexes made of metal are widely used nowadays due to the relative cheapness of the material and the ease of its processing. A large number of ready-made designs go on sale. At home, such structures are made in compact sizes . For this, steel sheets or pipes with a thickness of at least 5 mm are used. A popular option is to use old propane tanks. The wall thickness and dimensions of these containers are suitable for the manufacture of such structures.
The most convenient, high-quality and durable material for a stove is brick. It has standard sizes and shapes.
The best material for stoves is brick
It should be noted that not any type of brick is suitable for building a barbecue oven . For example, silicate cannot be used. For braziers, ovens and other structures operating at high temperatures, fire-resistant red and fireclay materials are used. The combustion chamber is lined only with the second type.
In addition to the main building material, you will need:
- Concrete mixture for laying the foundation.
- Boards or plywood panels for making formwork.
- Reinforcing bars for the construction of a metal frame that strengthens the concrete base.
- Sand and gravel for the foundation.
- Wire, plastic clamps or a welding machine to secure all connections of the reinforcement structure.
- Waterproofing material for foundations. For this, thick polyethylene or roofing felt is usually used.
- Metal sink, faucet, drainage devices, rubber hose.
- Metal corners for installing a countertop with a sink, fasteners for a barbecue grill and other structural elements of the stove.
All these materials require careful calculations.
Bricks, clay mortar
To build a barbecue oven you will need 810–820 fireproof red ones, as well as 30–35 fireclay ones. The thickness of the seams between them is 3–5 mm.
Concrete, sand, gravel
Since the barbecue oven will combine several working areas, its design will occupy a large area of land. In order for this complex to be stable, it is necessary to make a permanent foundation. A slab foundation is suitable as such.
To calculate the exact amount of concrete, you need to know the total volume of the base. To do this, you need to use a special geometric formula. Since the foundation will be made in the form of a flattened parallelepiped measuring 270x100x20 cm, the volume of the concrete mixture must be calculated using the formula V=h³, where h is the length of the side of the figure. Using an example, it will look like this: 2.7∙1.0∙0.2=0.54 m³.
Using the same formula, the volume of sand and gravel is calculated. The base requires a layer of each material 10 cm thick. It follows that sand is required: 2.7∙1.0∙0.1=0.27 m³. This is the same value for gravel.
Armature
To prevent the foundation from cracking under the weight of the stove, it is necessary to strengthen it. For this you need a metal frame. For its manufacture, reinforcing bars with a thickness of 12 mm are used. The metal structure is a three-dimensional frame in the form of two gratings, which are connected to each other by pieces of reinforcement 15 cm long. The size of each cell in the frame is 10x10 cm.
A double layer of lattice will make the base stronger
It is more convenient to calculate this material in linear meters. To do this, it is necessary to determine the total length of all the reinforcement for the frame. To do this, you must first calculate the number of rods located along the length of the frame, then along the width and between the gratings.
The rods are calculated according to the length of the structure. The length of each of them is 95 cm. It is necessary to determine how many rods will be placed along the length of the foundation if the distance between each of them is 10 cm. For this you need 270:10 = 27 pieces. It is necessary to add one more rod, since it will close the structure from the other edge of the frame . To find out how much it is in linear meters, you need 27∙0.95=26.6 m.
The same calculation principle is used to calculate the amount of reinforcement along the width of the base. For this, 100:10=10 pieces, in linear meters it will be: 2.7∙10=27 m.
It is necessary to add these values to get the overall parameter for one grid: 26.6+27=53.6 m.
Since the design provides two gratings, then 53.6∙2=107.2 linear meters.
Now you need to calculate the number of reinforcement elements connecting the two parts of the frame. These rods are located along the perimeter (at the intersection of each rod), as well as inside the structure, at a distance of 90 cm from each other in rows.
To prevent the structure from sagging, you can add joints
From previous calculations, the number of rods along the width and length of the frame is known: 28 + 10 = 38 m. This value must be doubled, since the elements are located along the perimeter of the structure: 38∙2 = 76 pieces. Inside the frame there are two more rows of 10 pieces, so 76+20=96 pieces. It is easy to determine this value in linear meters: 96∙0.15=14.4 linear meters.
Now it is necessary to calculate the total amount of reinforcement in linear meters: 107.2+14.4=121.6 m.
Waterproofing for foundation
To calculate the required amount of waterproofing material, you need to find the area of the base. The area of this figure is determined by the following formula: S=a∙b, where a is the width, b is the length of the rectangle. Let's substitute the values: 2.7∙1.0=2.7 m².
General structure of a barbecue oven with a cauldron
A cauldron is a round cauldron made of cast iron. Aluminum cauldrons are undesirable; they burn out quite quickly and do not hold the correct temperature.
For cooking over a fire, it is better to use a cast iron cauldron - it holds the optimal temperature well.
You can cook anything you like in a cauldron on site, but the optimal dishes are pilaf and cauldron kebab. It is difficult to prepare them in an ordinary kitchen - the odors are too unpleasant and intense when the oil is heated.
In a brick oven with a cauldron, the container is directly heated from the flame
A brick oven with a cauldron is universal: if you remove the cauldron, you can fry shish kebab; if you try to lay out the round tray evenly and neatly, you can use it as a tandoor; If the round hole is covered with a cast iron sheet with burners, they can be used to fry in frying pans and cook in pots.
By removing the cauldron, you can adjust the strength of the fire using cast iron burners
Photo gallery: examples of ready-made barbecue ovens
A barbecue oven can be built on an open veranda, having previously taken care of insulating the floor
You can build a roof over the barbecue complex, which will allow you to cook outdoors even in rainy weather
The barbecue oven can be made in any shape and style
Country style barbecue looks impressive in the garden
The barbecue oven can be made in a corner, it all depends on preferences
A small outdoor stove can be very convenient and functional
A brick barbecue oven can be finished with a natural stone finish
A barbecue oven can be compact, with a small firebox
You can build a barbecue oven with your own hands if you follow the sequential guide, or “order”.
Preparation for construction: drawings and optimal dimensions
The construction of a barbecue oven structure must be preceded by preparatory measures for choosing a construction site, drawing up drawings and diagrams.
To create a barbecue oven, you can use ready-made drawings
When choosing a site for construction, you must be guided by the following rules:
- There must be a distance of at least 5 m between the furnace complex and the residential building.
- Access to the kitchen should not be too far from the structure. If necessary, they can be located under one roof.
- The building should be located away from neighbors’ residential buildings, as odors and smoke can irritate them.
- The decision of all construction issues should be entrusted to specialists.
- Before construction, it is necessary to conduct a soil study and, in accordance with its quality, select the appropriate type of foundation.
The size of the future barbecue oven plays an important role.
The height of the barbecue oven should be such that it is convenient for any family member to cook on it
If the surface with the sink, barbecue grill or cauldron is placed too low, then after a while your back will get tired, and if the working surfaces are located too high during the cooking process, you will not be able to avoid burns.
To find the golden mean, you should adhere to the rule - the optimal height of the working surface of the barbecue oven should be slightly below the level of the cook’s elbows.
If the width of the selected area does not allow for a wide structure, then this optimal parameter can be considered a value of 240–250 cm. Such a stove complex will be compact and convenient. The width of the roasting pan should be 63–65 cm.
The size of the stove for the cauldron will be 3.5 bricks on each side, which corresponds to 87 cm.
What is "order"
The word has two meanings:
- The simplest device consists of two slats one and a half to two meters long, which are attached to the lower rows with brackets so as not to destroy the damp masonry. Bricks are laid along them and along a horizontally stretched thread. This is necessary to ensure that the masonry is strictly vertical and the sides are even and perpendicular to each other.
The order is used to fix the masonry rads, ensures the verticality of the corners
- The actual order of laying bricks. In this case, there is a diagram on which each row of installation is indicated step by step.
Photo gallery: order schemes
Before you start bricklaying the stove, you need to draw a sketch of the future structure
The stove for the cauldron can be made miniature, consisting of 13 rows of brickwork
The most common model of a brick stove is a two-story design with a compartment for storing firewood under the combustion chamber.
The ceiling under the cauldron can be placed directly under the exhaust chamber
A brick oven can combine several functions: barbecue, smokehouse and barbecue
Nuances of use
In order for the barbecue oven and its working elements to please you for a long time, you need to use it correctly:
- The heat will be uniform if you first remove the old ash.
- Smoke from residues under the ash pan from previous cooking can spoil the taste of the dish.
- Before use, a new cast iron cauldron must be lubricated with sunflower oil, and then heated on the stove for 20 minutes. Add oil if necessary. After the specified time, leave the cauldron to dry, then drain the remaining oil. Wipe the inside with a dry cloth. It is now ready to use. Each subsequent dish cooked in it will be tastier.
- It will be more comfortable to use such a stove if the floors in front of it are laid with stone, and a canopy or roof is made over the brazier.
You can build a barbecue oven with your own hands, if you strictly follow the instructions and treat this process responsibly. This design will serve you for a long time and will fully meet your expectations.
Furnace finishing
The Stonehenge stove does not require special finishing, since the bricks were carefully prepared during laying. All you need is to join the wide seams, which is ideally done during the laying process, but it can be done later. The jointing is done with a special tool. Its purpose is to give the building an aesthetic appearance.
Joining the seams allows you to give the stove an aesthetic appearance
It is better to prime all metal parts and paint them with stove varnish or any heat-resistant paint.
The door of the cauldron compartment must be coated with heat-resistant paint
Subtleties of culinary processes
It is better to use charcoal for cooking. The following species are suitable: apple, oak and hazel.
For the created dishes, use only tomato sauce. Many types of sauce are not suitable here.
Preheat the grill for about 5 minutes before the main process. Powerful heat is needed to make the meat juicy. For the culinary process, purchase special sets of accessories.
The main surfaces of barbecue complexes (all pipes, fuel compartments and channels) must be created with maximum evenness. They should not be covered with clay. Bricks for work are selected carefully. They should not have chips or other defects.
The most optimal design format is an inverted letter P. Such a structure should have half-brick walls.
Technical requirements
The fire is a potentially fire-hazardous object and is built to last for decades. Based on this, the following requirements are imposed on him:
- strength;
- sustainability;
- durability;
- Fire safety;
- frost resistance F 50-100;
- thermal conductivity 0.50–0.75 W/(mK;
- voidness 8-12%;
- moisture absorption 8-12%.
For the firebox, you should choose bricks designed for a temperature of at least +1750°C.
Winter veranda
When it comes to building a veranda, many people want to get not only a place where they can relax in the summer, but also a space suitable for use throughout the year.
But you need to understand how the summer version of the veranda is very different from the winter one. For a winter terrace with a barbecue, you will need to additionally install a thermal insulation layer in the walls, as well as install more expensive windows that protect against severe pestilence.
To fully enjoy the beauty of winter, the walls of the building can be made of glass or installed panoramic windows. But we must not forget that they are an extra bridge for the cold, and therefore this part of the structure needs to be given special attention - selecting only the best materials.
There is a wonderful view from the winter veranda Source yandex.com
Video description
You can see the entire process of constructing the furnace in the video:
- The most critical stage of work is laying the brazier . It is advisable to use the most heat-resistant brick (fireclay) for it. Ceramic or clinker bricks are used to build the rest of the structure.
- If necessary, a canopy, a chimney , an extractor hood is installed, a sink is installed with the necessary communications connected.
- The final stage is decorative finishing . It is necessary in the case when rough brick was used during construction, and it is necessary to improve the appearance. Finishing can be done using artificial and natural stone, porcelain stoneware, facing tiles, terracotta.
Stone finishing is a classic that always looks just great Source yandex.uz
Safety rules for using a brick grill
Since a brick grill oven is an object of increased fire hazard, certain rules should be followed when operating it.
- gasoline or kerosene when lighting . Well-dried firewood will burn well even without flammable liquids. If firewood does not burn well, it is recommended to use special mixtures.
- Ignition compounds are not intended for impregnation of firewood; they can only be used to spray surfaces.
- There should be no dry grass in the immediate vicinity of the food preparation area .
- When preparing food, you must use special tools , long-handled tongs, and a poker.
Design features of brick barbecues
You can find many designs of barbecues; the appearance of some models sometimes causes delight and surprise. However, the main design features are still characteristic of all barbecue ovens.
A brick stationary grill consists of the following elements :
- foundation;
- base;
- side and rear walls;
- niches for storing firewood;
- braziers;
- chimney pipe;
- canopy
This is one of the simplest designs that can be supplemented with countertops, stoves, various niches, sinks, etc.
In addition to its undoubted functionality and usefulness, a brick barbecue will look great on your country plot, fitting perfectly into the landscape. In addition, by ordering the construction of a barbecue, you can together get a comfortable and picturesque place for relaxation, which will become a real oasis in your countryside.
A well-designed brick barbecue will not only become a place to relax, but will also complement the landscape Source tsb.com.ru
