Gate lock: classification, advantages and disadvantages, selection criteria

For security, a strong fence with a gate is placed around the perimeter of the site with a residential building. To protect the entrance from penetration, you need a reliable lock on the gate. The lock is selected according to the material of the door, the method of opening, convenient for the people living in the house. It is also important what kind of lock for the gate the owner can buy and install with his own hands. An electric remote lock is included with the intercom. You can open it without leaving your home. It is enough to lock the dacha for the whole winter with an external canopy.

Mortise locking mechanism with additional security system

Classification of locks

Let's start with an analysis of the offered range, because we need to understand the fact that street locks are used mainly in the open air, which means they are exposed to all natural loads. That is, the requirements for them must be strict. Namely, they should easily tolerate high humidity, work even in severe frosts and not deform under the influence of sunlight.

Therefore, today on the market you can purchase so-called weatherproof gate locks, which are assembled from parts that have high resistance to humidity and temperature, as well as high performance characteristics: strength and wear resistance. You can also install a regular lock on the gate, which will have to be covered with a protective casing.

There are several indicators that formed the basis for the classification of wicket locks:

according to the method of fastening;
by opening method;
according to the design features of the locking mechanism.

It is clear that the price of the product will depend mainly on the complexity of the design itself and on the manufacturer’s brand. I just need to add that mechanical samples are much cheaper than electrical ones.

Lock for a country gate Source gatesfactory.eu

Types of locks according to the method of fastening

Firstly, the fastening method itself is selected according to several positions:

the opening will be made from one side or from both;
cheap or expensive;
manual opening or remote.

The traditional lock for a street gate is a padlock type. Previously they were called barns. Old models are large structures, heavy and not always easy to use. But their reliability was high. Modern models are small in size, but no less reliable. Today there are cylinder and code varieties on sale.

Padlocks have many advantages, for example, low price, ease of use, and there is no need to call a technician to install it. The main task is to weld a couple of ears for the lock to the gate.

It should be noted that padlocks have many disadvantages:

they can only be opened from the installation side;
if the lock is on the gate, it means no one is home - a signal for dishonest people;
there is no rigid fixation of the gate when closed;
even old models can be cut off, and new ones can be easily scrapped.

Today, hanging structures are often used in those suburban areas or dachas that are located in protected areas. Or they are hung from the inside, closing the gate at night.

Barn padlock Source zonazabora.ru

Mortise structures

Many people believe that a mortise lock for a gate is the most convenient option. Because it comes with handles, which makes it easy to open the gate itself. It opens from the outside with a key, from the inside with a turntable. The design has a latch with which the gate can be fixed in the closed position.

The most important thing is that the lock itself cuts into the gate leaf, that is, it is protected from sunlight and precipitation on both sides. A small hole is left on the outside for the key, which is closed with a steel bar.

The only thing you need to pay attention to is the thickness of the wicket cloth. It should not be less than 40 mm, because the thickness of a standard lock is 25 mm. There are also smaller structures on the market - 20x40 mm, which are installed on metal gates. It is these dimensional parameters that allow the gate to be installed in the frame.

Mortise lock for gate Source images.ru.prom.st

The advantage of these models is that they are installed inside the canvas, which means that it is impossible to get to it and break it. There are more disadvantages:

complex installation that cannot be carried out without a specialist;
weak fixation at the site of constipation;
a groove is made at the installation site, which increases the complexity of installation.

As for the price, it all depends on the complexity of the internal mechanism.

See also: Catalog of popular plots in the Moscow region for the construction of a country house

Overhead models

If the gate is a frame structure, sheathed on one side with thin material, for example, steel sheet, corrugated board, etc., then there is only one option - an overhead structure. Such locks have one feature - one side is not closed, which is installed to the canvas. That is, the sheathing material covers this side.

For overhead locks for gates, the thickness of the material to which it will be attached is not important. Its strength is important. The market today offers mechanical and electrical models. Electric gate locks are becoming increasingly popular today. For many, ease of use is an important factor. But all modifications of overhead locks are installed on the gate using four bolts.

Overhead lock for gate Source metalproductscompany.ru

As for the advantages of overhead modifications, it should be noted:

ease of installation;
low price;
high burglary protection;
The castle is not visible from the outside.

Some models of rim locks are equipped with handles and a latch. If the task is to install a lock on a gate made of corrugated sheets, then a steel strip must be laid under the sheathing material itself to increase the reliability of the fastening.

Varieties based on operating principle

There are only two positions here:

mechanical, which can only be opened with a key;
electric, or electromechanical, which open remotely.

The mechanical option is presented on the market in several models, which differ from each other in the type of locking mechanism. There are four positions here:

latch;
level;
cylinder;
rack and pinion

The first one is the simplest. This is a lock with two handles and a spring-loaded latch. It does not have a locking function, that is, it is sold without a key. The latch simply secures the gate in the closed position.

The simplest design of a latch lock Source www.mirograd-shop.ru

See also: Catalog of popular projects of houses for permanent residence

A rack lock is a modern type of conventional deadbolt. Previously, this particular design was used when closing gates. The modern version is a design in which the bolt is connected to a rail, which simplifies the process of closing and opening. We must pay tribute to rack and pinion locks; among all mechanical models they are the most reliable. At the same time, their installation is simple, and their burglary resistance is high. The only drawback is the large key.

A cylinder lock is a design in which one of the components is a replaceable core. The latter is a cylinder with spring-loaded protrusions that are recessed when the key is inserted into the hole. Each lock has a different pattern of protrusions, so another key is not suitable for opening. All keys are made with a specific pattern of protrusions on one side. This is a kind of pin code. Codes have a wide variety of options, hence the low probability of selecting a key for someone else's lock.

Advantages of cylinder locks:

high reliability;
low price;
ease of installation;
If you lose a key, there is no need to change the entire lock; simply replace the core with a set of new keys.

The lever type is a complicated cylinder lock. This option has a complex key configuration, where the protrusions are located not on one side, but on two or three. This is what increases the burglary resistance and reliability of the structure. True, such locks are more expensive than cylinder locks. In this case, if you lose the key, you will have to change the entire lock.

Outdoor cylinder locks Source zamzamich.ru

Electromechanical locks

The electromechanical lock for the gate received its name only because it functions remotely under the influence of electric current. But it opens from the outside with a regular key. The principle of operation is that instead of springs, a magnetic coil is installed inside the lock. It is she who retracts the crossbars when it is necessary to open the gate.

Options based on operating principle

A gate lock, like any one installed in a house, has various mechanisms inside. Some are mechanical and can only be opened with a key. Others use electricity, and to let guests in, you don’t have to leave the house and go to the gate.

Scheme of interaction of the components of locking devices of the “cylinder” type

Mechanical

All mechanical models, regardless of design, are opened with a key or by entering a code when a person comes into direct contact with the mechanism. There are several types of mechanical locks for gates:

latch;
rack and pinion;
cylinder;
level

Diagram of components

The latch simply holds the door closed, but does not lock it. It consists of a wedge-shaped tongue, which, when pressed on the canvas, is pressed out and then takes place in the hole of the bar. Opens on both sides with a handle.

The latch can be mounted independently or together with the lock.

Rack lock

The predecessor of the rack and pinion lock was the ordinary deadbolt. It was installed in two flat brackets on the canvas and, when locked, went into a third on the wall or counter. It only opened on one side.

Inner side of the mechanism

In the upper part of the latch, recesses were cut to allow the door to be locked from the outside. An iron key wound in them and turned. In a few steps the bolt opened. The key was large and consisted of a rod with a ring. On the other edge there is a long narrow plate attached to an axis. It could rotate in the plane of the rod, and was rigidly fixed against rotation in the other direction. It was enough to insert the key into the hole above the bolt, and, getting into the cutouts, turn the key, moving the bolt.

A type of rack-type locking device

Over time, the bolt connected to the rail. On its upper plane there are inclined teeth cut. Similar ones, but with the opposite direction, are cut on the key shaft. Springs hold the bolt closed. It is enough to press the key, the teeth will begin to move and move the rack to the side, into the open state. The bolt lock is activated from the inside.

Video description

The video shows how to embed a lock into a gate made of a profile pipe:

Radio wave locks

This variety is also included in the category of electronic models. It differs from the ones described above in that the opening process itself is carried out using a key fob. The latter sends a radio signal to the control unit, which opens the gate. The opening mechanism itself can be magnetic or electromechanical.

You can open such a lock from anywhere in the yard or from a distance, approaching the house. These are the most expensive modifications offered on the modern market.

Attention! All models of gate locks powered by electric current have one serious drawback. They stop working if the power supply to the house for some reason stops. Therefore, such designs are equipped with an emergency power supply, which increases the cost. Essentially, these are small batteries, the charging of which will also have to be monitored.

Electronic remote control lock Source ae01.alicdn.com

Connecting electromagnetic models

As we said above, the good thing about electromagnetic locks is that they are compatible with electronic devices. They can be opened with electronic keys (cards). To implement all the capabilities (reading key cards, for example), you need a remote access controller - ACS.

Connecting an electronic lock via a controller

These controllers come in a variety of variants, with different capabilities. To connect a home automatic lock, you will need the simplest one. The connection diagram will be simple: connect all devices to the corresponding inputs/outputs of the controller. You just need to choose the right wires, thoroughly strip the ends of insulation and secure them in the appropriate sockets of the ACS.

As you can see in the diagram above, only the intercom monitor in the house is connected through the calling panel. But this is due to the peculiarity of the intercom. If only the handset is used (without a monitor), the circuit will be similar. Just between the handset and the calling panel it is enough to throw a two-core cable (KSVP 2 * 0.5).

Criteria for choosing a wicket lock

As you can see, a lock for a metal or wooden gate is a serious model range. The market offers various modifications, which differ from each other in the materials used, the number of valves, the presence or absence of secret mechanisms, etc.

For example, some manufacturers offer locks with titanium rods, as well as stainless steel external protective casings. Complex locks are very popular today. They can be opened with a key, by dialing a code, or remotely using a remote control. Although this complicates the structure itself, and accordingly increases its cost, it makes it possible to open the gate even if there is no electricity in the house.

As for the choice among mechanical models, it is better to give preference to overhead and mortise modifications. And it is ideal if this is a suvald option, because this species is not afraid of either severe frosts or sweltering heat.

Pay attention to the sizes. The lock for a gate made of corrugated sheeting or similar materials should be small. This also applies to keys. It should be as airtight as possible to prevent dust and dirt from getting inside. The latter reduce the service life because they cause abrasion of parts and their corrosion.

The gate lock must be compact Source pro-stroi.by

And a few additional recommendations:

assembly quality is one of the decisive factors for the high quality of the product, therefore there should be no large leaks in the lock, much less cracks and gaps;
check the designs before purchasing, all parts and mechanisms must move smoothly, without jamming or catching on each other;
if the choice fell on electric models, then pay attention that the package includes a plastic corrugation in which the electrical cables for the current supply will be laid;
the keys for the lock must be checked - all without exception;
require a quality certificate from sellers;
purchase locks in specialized stores;
It is better to buy an expensive model, because safety is the most important thing.

Additional devices

For normal installation, additional devices must be installed on the equipment.

Among them:

Controller - helps control a device of this operating principle (plastic, aluminum).
Power supply that works without interruption. Electrical power is required for the device to function. You can open the entrance not only with a key. Another method is a metal entrance key fob, a secret code. Such a source must be equipped with an internal battery. This is an eternal battery that will work if there is a power outage.
Code reader - installed outside to open with a chip (card) or key fob.
Buttons for opening without a key.
An intercom is a universal element for opening a house from the inside. Equipped with audio and video communication. It is made of plastic and may have a glass screen.

Attention: additional equipment depends on the wishes of the buyer.

Exploitation

The lock must be cleaned at least twice a year.
Daily use is not difficult. It is important to monitor the operation of the mechanisms and, if a malfunction occurs, carry out simple manipulations.

Once every 2–3 months or as necessary, clean and lubricate the mechanisms. A signal of a malfunction is squeaks or increased effort required to open/close.

After the thaw, if the forecast promises night frosts, it is advisable to fill the well with a liquid lubricant suitable for operation at subzero temperatures. An alternative option when the temperature drops sharply is to open/close the lock several times to prevent ice from forming.

In case of jamming in the cold, you can use a household hair dryer or liquid defrosters. Do not try to open a frozen locking device using excessive physical force. A broken key will require replacement of the secret mechanism, which costs half the lock.

Installing mortise locks on a gate made of metal profiles is a feasible task for a home craftsman. You will need a minimum of tools and skills. A correctly chosen lock, careful operation, timely maintenance are the key to long and trouble-free operation of the mechanism.

Installation

If you have an idea to install an electromechanical lock with your own hands, then it will be possible without much difficulty. Although at first it may seem like an overwhelming task.

Installing such a lock differs little from installing a regular one. It is important to choose the right size and first draw up a diagram of the location of the components.

The equipment is available in several types:

Mortise. They are interesting to buyers because they are difficult to hack. They are placed on the inside of the canvas, so it is better to think in advance about how to route the cable to the electrical wire.
Overhead electromechanical locks. They gained popularity due to their versatility and ease of installation. Electrical wires must be protected from outside influence. The main function is to open/close street gates.

Installation of equipment is carried out according to a similar principle to the installation of a conventional device. The exception is self-connection.

Connection to access control must be done carefully. The important factor here is the absence of errors. The efficient operation of the mechanism depends on this.

The ACS system includes:

monitor;
intercom handset;
call panel;
locking element;
code panel;
video intercom.

Installation of ACS requires certain professional knowledge.

The most popular installation methods are as follows:

installation of a monitor, power supply;
connection to the power supply;
connecting the intercom to the call panel.

When laying the cable, it is necessary that there are no kinks along its entire length. To start the operation of the safety unit, the power cable is opened by the contact that is responsible for the control panel. The second one remains untouched. Operation is checked by pressing a button. To open the equipment with electronic keys, you will have to buy and install an additional controller.

Step-by-step instruction

The location for the lock is first marked with a marker, then the mechanism is secured with bolts.
You can install the lock on the gate yourself by following the simple step-by-step instructions:

At a height of about 1 m from the ground, it is necessary to make markings for the housing. By attaching the lock to the profile, mark the bottom and top edges and sides.
Holes are drilled in the corners of the marked rectangle. This makes it easier to work with an angle grinder without damaging the excess metal.
An angle grinder is used to make a hole-groove in the profile pipe. The corners are sharpened with a file. Before work, it is advisable to dismantle the corrugated sheet so as not to damage the protective layer and for ease of work.
Insert the lock into the groove and mark the attachment points. Drill a hole 0.3 mm smaller than the diameter of the fastening screw. Another option is to cut threads for screws.
By applying the lock body to the profile, mark the places for the secret mechanism or the slot for the key. Drill holes of the required diameter, or cut a keyhole for lever or rack keys. It is important to first study the manufacturer's detailed instructions. It often contains a template that helps you make the markup.
The lock is secured and, if necessary, a cylinder mechanism is installed.
After closing the gate, mark the places where the bolt will go on the door jamb.
Cut out the grooves and check that the bolts fit freely into the holes when closing. A file is used to achieve an accurate match.
Install a decorative strip on the gate jamb.
Having made measurements, cut out plates to make a protective casing. The plates are welded after first removing the lock, making sure to protect or remove the corrugated sheet.
For gates framed with European picket fences, the body is protected on all sides.
After welding, the casing and profile pipe are painted to prevent corrosion.
After installing all the elements, the installation of decorative elements on the side of the yard and the street is carried out.

The insertion is considered complete after checking the functioning of the lock in a fully assembled state. Disadvantages can be eliminated by adjusting or adjusting the holes in the gate jamb.

Manufacturers, popular brands

Buyers have access to protective equipment for any situation - from grilles to stand-alone GSM alarms.

Competition in the security products market is very high. Companies, using unique developments, are directing the production vector to more modern, high-tech samples that have a reliable degree of protection.

Popular companies include the following:

The PERco brand is popular in the Russian Federation. The highest-rated new LB line is represented by three models of mortise elements. They are reliable and easy to use.
CISA is the world leader manufacturer in Italy. It has been around for quite some time, so it has regular customers all over the world. Engaged in the production of multi-tasking, multi-functional products. The company's products are suitable for indoors and gates.
ABLOYOY is a proven manufacturer from Finland, creating elements of varying degrees of secrecy.
ATIS is a Chinese brand that develops innovations for the industry. The product of this manufacturer has been available for a long time and the demand for it is constantly growing.

You can buy equipment at a hardware store, after consulting with employees or exploring options. When choosing a product, think not only about the economic side, but also about safety (leave external indicators in the background).

Advantages and disadvantages

durability;
can be combined with other security systems;
reliability.
the open door bolt protrudes outward and can cause injury or damage clothing;
the need to apply a lot of effort to unlock the latch;
When exposed to low temperatures or high humidity, interruptions in operation occur. Therefore, it is better to equip the lock with a protective visor;
it is necessary to connect the device to the mains and ensure constant voltage.

The price of electromechanical locks has both advantages and disadvantages. This depends on the financial condition of the buyer. Although some models have quite a budget price. For example, a mortise street lock CISA model 16215 (price only 3950 rubles)