Dimensions of benches: height of garden benches and standard width of benches, standards for outdoor benches for a summer house and benches in a steam room, GOST

Date of publication: 01/19/2020 It is difficult to imagine modern cities and country houses without benches with backs and benches without backs. Most often they are installed in parks and squares, at dachas and playgrounds, at the entrances of houses, medical institutions, offices, and sports complexes. In some cases, they are also used indoors, as they provide an opportunity to relax and sit comfortably. They are usually divided into street, park and garden.

There are basic requirements that all benches and benches must have:

quality;
strength;
convenience;
Beautiful design;
safety;
durability.

The benches are not only comfortable and cozy, but also quite affordable; various options can be purchased on the Eurovason website. All that remains is to decide on the ideal parameters of the product that will provide you with maximum comfort.

Choosing a bench style and design

Design development is a multivariate and complex stage of creating a project.
Every person can draw simple models on paper; others will require considerable imagination and artistic ability. The Internet can be of great help, where there are a large number of photographs of finished products made from different materials and in one style or another. As a rule, site owners create recreation areas in the same style with all other landscaping elements, forming a harmonious image of the site. There are no restrictions in this matter; the criteria are only your own taste, sense of proportion and preferences.

Stylishly designed bench

You can also find ready-made drawings of garden benches online, with dimensions and other useful information. The use of ready-made images gives a tangible impetus to imagination and saves time and effort for those who find it difficult to independently design an original and attractive product design.

Choosing a place to install the bench

Briefly about the main thing

To summarize all of the above, it should be noted that despite the apparent simplicity of choosing garden benches, it should be noted that in fact this is not a simple matter. The range of garden furniture is huge, there are plenty of offers on the market. That's why consumers are stunned when they have the opportunity to choose from a wide variety. This means that you must first decide what you want, and then go shopping. The best option is to consult with professional designers who will sort out the landscape design, where there is always a place for wooden benches.

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Purpose and types

Types of forged benches and methods of their arrangement
The bench can be portable or stationary. The size of the structure depends on the dimensions of the specific village bathhouse. The universal height is considered to be 60-70 cm. If a multi-tier structure is made, the distance from the ceiling to the top point of the bench should be at least 1.2-1.3 m.

Most often, portable benches are smaller in size than their stationary counterparts. There are many factors to consider when choosing the type of shop. The purpose, size of the room and the expected number of visitors matter. Based on the type of construction, benches are divided into several types.

Single-tier

More often these are mobile structures for small steam rooms. This option is very convenient - you can easily move the product to any place. You can take the bench outside for drying or minor repairs. This design can be flat (linear) or angular. It's great for a locker room. A single-tier bench is easy to make and easy to maintain. This is an excellent manufacturing option for beginners. You don’t need any special skills to make it yourself.

Three-tier

These designs are designed for rooms with large dimensions

It is important to maintain the proper distance from the top bench to the ceiling. Such a bench is relevant in a steam room: you get the opportunity to choose the desired air temperature (it is hotter on the highest bench)

The middle tier is made stationary, the other two are mobile.

Stepped

This model is designed specifically for rooms with small dimensions. The lower part of this structure is usually used as a step. You can sit on it, and you can use it to climb higher. The upper tier should be large; it allows an adult to lie down.

GOST requirements

GOST 19917-93 was adopted in October 1993 as an interstate (it was signed by eight countries, formerly union republics) standard regarding furniture for sitting and lying down. GOST park or garden benches are aimed primarily at the safety of the product for humans. The document takes into account all the nuances of products for public places:

dimensions;
strength, including impact;
durability;
sustainability;
methods of fastening supports;
back angle;
dyes used;
The amount of harmful volatile chemicals released during product operation is strictly limited.

The quality of materials used for the manufacture of benches is regulated by relevant GOSTs.

Traditions and recommendations

Useful things for the home with your own hands

Despite the lack of a uniform standard, there are traditional ways to determine ceiling height. Typically, a Russian bathhouse was built individually, for the family living in the house. Therefore, to determine the required parameter, the tallest member of the family stood on the floor and raised a broom upward.

Standard arrangement of shelves in a bathhouse

Height of the product from the floor

These are the parameters that are considered optimal:

the steam room warms up quickly enough, and the consumption of firewood does not exceed the normal amount;
with a height of up to 2.4 m, even an electric oven does not require a lot of electricity consumption to properly warm up the workspace;
if there is a tall person in the family, you can use his arm extended upward as a standard - this will ensure that those taking a steam bath will not experience discomfort in any position;
sometimes you can find advice to add half a meter from the tip of the middle finger of an outstretched hand, but if the height is greater than 5 m, then more fuel will be required and the steam will go to the ceiling;
200 cm will already lead to the accumulation of steam almost at the level of the respiratory organs, in such an atmosphere it will be difficult to breathe;
in a compact structure, a ceiling of 20 m is sufficient, but if a structure is being built for commercial use, with a large number of visitors and steam volumes, the ceiling should be at least 3 m.

Steam room at the dacha

Experts say that the construction of a bathhouse should certainly begin with agreeing on the size of the steam room. In this case, all dimensions are proportional to the calculated number of visitors. The ceiling height can be 220 cm or 230.

There are several varieties, which need to be arranged according to a pre-selected pattern. The subject of preference can only be the modification that ideally fits the dimensions of the room.

Bathhouse at the dacha

It is not recommended to cover furniture for bath rooms with paints and varnishes, as substances harmful to human health will be released under the influence of high temperatures.

All components of the structure should be carefully sanded, paying special attention to the edges. This will help avoid injuries and splinters.

To connect parts, it is necessary to give preference to nails made of wood. Regular ventilation and drying of the bathhouse after visiting will help prevent the appearance and proliferation of mold and mildew, and will also significantly increase the service life of furniture and premises. For better ventilation and drying, you need to leave space between the floor covering and the bottom shelf.

These measures will help avoid the appearance of rot, mold and destruction of wood. With some effort and a little imagination and ingenuity, you can make beautiful, durable, high-quality pieces of furniture for the bathhouse and more with your own hands.

To learn how to make a bench for a bathhouse with your own hands, see the following video.

A little about technology

Bolted joints are often used in garden furniture. If it is one-piece and not hinged, it is better to hide the heads of the bolts with washers and the nuts with them. The first is for the sake of aesthetics, and the second so as not to get scratched.

Connecting wooden parts with a bolt

To conceal the connection of wooden parts with bolts, in addition to a spiral drill for wood, you will also need a feather drill, on the left in Fig. Use a pen to select holes for the head and nut. After assembly, the remainder of the threaded body of the bolt is cut off with a grinder and the connection is tightened again, because when pruned it weakens. Then the holes are filled with wood putty; You can thickly mix the sawdust with Express glue (liquid nails) or PVA for wood. Not office grade PVA for paper!

As for the hinge joints, steel clips must be inserted into the bolt holes in both parts being connected; their diameter must be taken into account when drilling. Without clips, the bolt will quickly break the wood and the hinge will wobble haphazardly.

Bolt clips can be rolled from sheet metal or galvanized steel. In this case, 2-3 drops of motor oil are added to them twice a year, at the beginning and end of the season. If it does rust and seize, brake fluid will help out, the same 2-3 drops. The rust disintegrates from it and the hinge “releases” almost instantly. After the “brake” it is dripped with oil again.

The manufacture of garden furniture also requires tongue-and-groove connections, on dowels and dowels (through round wooden bosses). In this case, firstly, the wooden fasteners are made from the same wood as the parts being connected. For outdoor use, some strength must be sacrificed in order to ensure that the temperature coefficients of expansion, moisture capacity, swelling and drying of the wood of the entire assembly are the same. Otherwise, the connection will quickly become loose.

Dowel connection with wedging

Secondly, it is very, very desirable to make joints of “open sky furniture” with wedging, see fig. on right. Wedges are cut from hard, durable wood: oak, walnut, boxwood, dogwood. Their thickness is 2-2.5 mm, but not narrower, because... the achievable accuracy of the wood-to-wood connection is plus or minus 1 mm.

An important condition: the wedges must be oriented across the fibers of the attached part, otherwise it may split during landing and subsequently the connection will fall apart. If perpendicular (crosswise) parts are connected, then the wedges in the dowel (dowel) should be oriented at 90 degrees relative to each other

Otherwise, the production of country and garden furniture does not contain anything that would not be subject to ordinary working ingenuity.

Appendix: how to take grid dimensions

Let's look again at the drawing of a paired “romantic-philosophical” bench. How to calculate missing dimensions? First of all, we visually determine the type of oblique projection; in this case it is isometry, so both oblique axes are equal.

Then we take a longer part, for which the linear size is indicated; in this case, it is a drawer with a length of 1350. According to the drawing, using the Pythagorean theorem, we determine its length in fractions of the grid pitch. Correlating it with a known linear size, we obtain a scale factor. If the projection is arbitrary, then you will need to calculate 2 scales based on 2 parts, for each of the oblique axes.

Next, quite painstaking work begins: we determine the missing dimensions from the drawing in fractions of the grid pitch and multiply by the scale. For each pair of parts to be joined, we check the fit, taking into account that the accuracy for wood is 1 mm. If, for example, the tenon turns out to be thicker than the groove associated with it, it’s clear that it won’t fit, you need to look for where the error crept in. If it is already more than 2 mm, this is also not good, it will wobble and the error will begin to accumulate in the calculations. And if the tenon fits into the groove with a gap of 0-2 mm, everything is tip-top, calculated perfectly.

Standard sizes of structures

Stylish floor rack for clothes

For outdoor benches, certification and declaration of conformity according to the GOST R system are not required. Therefore, there are no regulatory parameters - length, width, height - for this type of furniture. There are only standard, generally accepted sizes. Calculation of the standard sizes of bench designs is made based on what parameters the average person has. As for seats for overweight people or children, the calculations for them are completely different.

A typical park bench is between 1.5 and 1.8 m long, enough to seat three or four people. The height of the backrest on a standard bench is 0.9 m, which is the most common for Russian residents. As for the typical height, the minimum is 0.4 m.

To choose a suitable bench, you need to take into account a number of parameters.

Dimensions. If the product will be placed on a garden or summer cottage, you definitely need to know how many people can fit on it comfortably and without harm to themselves, what kind of build these people will have. For example, an overweight married couple or four people with a standard body type. Of course, not only the length is important, but also the depth of the seat, the height of the backrest (as well as its presence in principle), as well as whether the bench will be equipped with armrests or not.
Purpose of operation. A garden bench for a summer residence in a recreation area with a barbecue is not at all like its park “sister” with standard dimensions. Outdoor furniture in parks and squares is installed in such a way that it cannot be moved or carried away, while garden furniture is often light and mobile. In the alleys and boulevards, previously only standard options could be found, but now, even for public places, original furniture of fantasy design with inscriptions or drawings is often made. As for garden benches, they can be absolutely anything - in accordance with the general idea of landscape design and the wishes of the owner.
Material of manufacture. The first requirement is strength, the second is long service life and immunity to environmental influences. If wood is used, it must be treated with compounds against fungus and mold, and the steel for the frame must be galvanized. If the product has forged parts (or simply metal), they must be coated with anti-corrosion agents and painted with special paint. For park benches, concrete is often used as a base material - such a product cannot be moved even if there is a strong desire to do so.

Seat width

The depth of the structure is selected depending on your own preferences. Most often, this parameter is within the range of 41-51 cm. If you make this object yourself, then you will make your dream come true, make it in accordance with your height and weight, and in the future you will admire your own creation. For convenience, you can narrow the back side, which will allow you to spread your legs and elbows freely. In the construction of the structure, a slight slope of 5-8 degrees is possible if you use soft pillows for relaxation.

We make a beautiful bench for a summer house with our own hands

So it is well preserved. Naturally, she goes into the house for the winter.

To make it easier for you to make a bench with your own hands, I will provide drawings of the bench.

Fig.8.

Side view drawing with dimensions

Fig.9.

Front view drawing

One of the most frequently asked questions by our customers is “how many people can sit comfortably on a bench of this or that size.” In the article “FAQ - questions and answers” we answered this way: “To comfortably fit (sit) on a bench, one person needs 60 cm.” And we entrusted the main calculations on the size of the benches and the number of seats to the buyers. In order to show the possible options, we have created a help article that clearly shows placement examples.

Before we begin discussing bench sizes and seating capacity, please note that not all benches can be manufactured in sizes up to 3 meters. Some of them have a length limit of no more than 1.8 meters

This is due to the fact that with a length of more than 1.8 meters, the installation of a central support is necessary. Some benches do not provide for the installation of a central support.

Also, some models of benches can be more than three meters. The cost of this option is calculated individually. To date, the length of the largest bench we have made is 100 meters. Such a bench was installed in Gorky Park in Moscow.

Most of the range is presented in sizes from 0.6 to 3 meters. In the product catalog you will find a detailed description, which includes information on possible sizes for each bench.

A garden bench is not just ordinary furniture designed for relaxation. With the help of this furniture you can decorate your garden plot, create entire compositions that will fit perfectly into the surrounding space of your garden or yard. It’s not difficult to make a garden bench with your own hands; the main thing is to choose the design of the furniture, its location and the material from which it will be made.

Plastic

Light plastic furniture has many advantages: it is easy to move from place to place, easy to care for, and has an affordable price range. You can choose any color option that fits perfectly into your landscape design. Disadvantages of plastic furniture: it quickly becomes scratched, fades in the sun, looks cheap.

Or even a chair. By the way, the chair cushions are foam chips in plastic bags. Warm, cozy, extravagant

Tree

This material is ideal for creating furniture: it absorbs heat, looks noble, and is easy to process. Any type of wood is suitable for making a bench, the main thing is that the material is sufficiently well dried and has no external defects.

Stone

This natural and beautiful material fits perfectly into any stylistic direction of landscape design. Stone compositions look solid, noble and unusual. But, despite many advantages, natural stone has several disadvantages. Sitting on a stone bench is not very comfortable, and it is also unsafe for health. Therefore, it is imperative to make warm covers or pads along with the bench. Stone compositions are installed permanently; they cannot be moved from place to place.

Metal

Garden benches, made by hot or cold forging, are a real decoration for a garden or a place to relax. The designs look beautiful and stylish, especially if additional decorative elements were used. Metal is most often combined with wood, glass or other material.

Bench - swing

The garden bench can also be made in the form of a swing. This option is especially relevant if you have children, they will obviously like it.

Have you decided to make a swing with your own hands? In addition to the usual materials for making a bench and a bench, you will need durable fastening material, such as rope or chain, as well as metal chains and carabiners. The swing can be decorated with colorful pillows made, if possible, from moisture-resistant materials.

Beautiful examples

Let's look at a few examples of how metal benches decorate areas.

A metal bench in an antique style, without the use of wood parts, will look gorgeous in the local area. The seat and backrest of the structure can be decorated with metal rosebuds. This product will look especially impressive against the background of stone walls or a fence.
A frame welded from metal under a wooden seat does not necessarily have to have perfectly straight and regular lines. The legs of the structure can be thin, with slight bends. The metal back can be entirely decorated with floral or plant patterns. To give the bench a more interesting look, the metal components can be painted dark green.
A vintage bench with a metal base made up of openwork sides and the same back, painted white, will look great in the garden. A seat made of dark natural wood will stand out well against the background of graceful lines and carved patterns.

Video

We suggest making a nice garden bench using the following video instructions:

Country bench with flower beds

With rounded corners

Bench painted white

Bench made of narrow planks

Log bench made with a chainsaw

Garden bench for a summer residence

Brick and board bench

Wooden table with benches
Source: StroySvoimiRukami.ru

Materials for a garden bench

garden bench

Plastic

If you have at least a little idea about soldering PVC pipes, make light and practical garden furniture from them

Pipe scraps can be joined with liquid nails. You will get a very unusual bench

Or even a chair. By the way, the chair cushions are foam chips in plastic bags. Warm, cozy, extravagant

Another option for bright children's garden chairs

Tree

Wooden bench without backrest

Scheme of a simple bench

Garden bench with backrest

Scheme of a wooden bench with armrests

Stone

Garden benches made of stone

Metal

Metal garden bench

Methods for connecting parts

The main requirement for benches is not a beautiful design, but the reliability and durability of the structure. For durable outdoor furniture, the method of joining the parts is important, depending on the material the bench is made from.

Most garden benches are made from wood or a combination of wood, metal and stone. To connect them use:

Self-tapping screws.
Nails.
Bolts, nuts and washers.
Carpentry end connection “half-wood”, “strapping”.
Galvanized overlays: flat and angular, installed in places hidden from view.
Galvanized studs, which are threaded through the through holes of the parts and tightened using nuts with wide washers.
Dowels are wooden pins that are glued into holes drilled to their size.

Advantages and disadvantages

A bench made of metal is the most reliable and durable thing. Today, you can find similar products in many country and garden plots. They are in many ways superior to standard wooden options, demonstrating higher practicality and unpretentiousness.

The popularity of metal benches is explained by the many positive characteristics that are inherent in them.

The main advantage of the products under consideration lies in their strength and resistance to mechanical damage. It is incredibly difficult to spoil, break or deform such a structure. Under the influence of precipitation and temperature changes, a metal bench will not lose its visual appeal and become less strong. Of course, we are talking about well-maintained options, manufactured according to all the rules.
A metal bench can last for many years. This material itself is designed to last for many years of use. In this regard, it is not advisable to compare wooden options with metal structures.
Metal can be easily combined with other materials. Most often there are models that have a metal frame, and the back and seat are made of wood. The result is reliable, beautiful, and very comfortable designs.
Metal benches can have a very unusual, elegant design. In dachas and local areas you can often find truly amazing structures that are difficult to take your eyes off. A metal bench can have various kinds of decorative elements, graceful lines and sophisticated features. Such a detail will effectively complement the local area.
Garden and home furniture made from any type of metal is environmentally friendly. You can use such products without worrying about your health. Metal structures do not emit pungent odors and do not cause allergic reactions.
The metal bench is an absolutely fireproof design. Moreover, in the event of ignition, the metal will not support the flame, actively spreading it. The same cannot be said about models constructed from wood.

As you can see, metal benches have many advantages. However, it is not without its shortcomings, some of which are quite serious. Let's get acquainted with them.

Metal benches are more difficult and capricious to manufacture. It is much easier to work with the same wood, and it takes less time. When making a bench from metal, the master must competently use a welding machine, and not all users have such skills.
Often metal benches turn out to be very heavy. It can be difficult to move such structures from one place to another. If you do not plan to carry or transport a similar product in the future, then this will not be a problem.
Sitting on a bench made entirely of metal is not always comfortable. This is especially true during the hot summer season. During such periods, the metal seat heats up very quickly and strongly, which leads to very unpleasant sensations. In cool seasons, sitting on such a bench can also be uncomfortable, because the seat becomes too cold.
Making your own or purchasing a finished metal bench can cost a pretty penny. This is especially true in cases where people select a very beautiful, original model, decorated with artistic forging. The same wooden or plastic varieties of benches are several times cheaper.
A metal bench will have to be regularly treated with special compounds that will protect it from corrosion. The only exceptions are stainless steel products.

Bench protective covering

Wood and metal are processed separately. It is better to use a primer for the frame. Ideally, red lead will be used, which will protect the metal frame from corrosion for decades. Especially when you consider that at the dacha such garden furniture is under the snow for six months.

The wood can simply be painted. But if you first dry it, let it dry for a couple of days, then apply varnish in two layers, then such a coating is guaranteed to protect the wood from environmental influences.

In any case, color compatibility and design ideas are important. For example, if the frame is covered with Kuzbasslak, then it is better to varnish the wooden parts, this will emphasize the natural texture of the material.

We suggest you find out how many calories there are in one pear

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How to make square benches around a tree

First of all, you will need to make four supports, each one is a frame 60x40 cm. The lower part of the frame is screwed with self-tapping screws at a height of at least 50 mm from the surface of the site. This is necessary so that the structure rests on the platform at two points, and not along the entire length of the leg. Otherwise, the bench around the tree will be unstable.

We place the finished supports on the area around the tree and align them so that the distance between the extreme points of all four corners of the conditional square is the same.

Next, we sew on the slats for the seat trim, the edges of which are filed at an angle of 45°, and the length is determined according to the landing site. Each rail is secured with two pairs of self-tapping screws.